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Vena capitis prima and the cavernous sinus in human embryos and fetuses.
Annals of Anatomy ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2020.151467
Shogo Hayashi 1 , Ji Hyun Kim 2 , Kwang Ho Cho 3 , Gen Murakami 4 , Jörg Wilting 5 , José Francisco Rodríguez-Vázquez 6
Affiliation  

After the intracranial venous-drainage route is switched from the vena capitis prima (VCP) to the transverse sinus, the cavernous sinus is considered to develop from a connecting part of the VCP with the ophthalmic vein (OPV). Observations of histological sections from 12 embryos and 47 fetuses (6-35 weeks) demonstrated that (1) at six weeks, a major tributary of the VCP ran inferiorly in the plica ventralis at the mesencephalic flexure (future tentrium cerebelli) and merged with the OPV in the medial side of the trigeminal ganglion; (2) at seven weeks, being independent of the laterally located primary veins, the superior petrosal sinus (SPS) developed medially in the plica, ran superiorly, and appeared to make an initial confluence with the transverse sinus; (3) until 15-16 weeks, parasellar veins were limited to a few branches of the OPV without communication with the SPS on the lateral surface of the trigeminal ganglion; (4) after 15-16 weeks, parasellar veins increased in number and volume but did not yet drain into the SPS but rather into the newly built inferior petrosal sinus; and (5) near term, parasellar veins started venous drainage to the SPS, whereas few veins were evident around the intracavernous abducens nerve. Consequently, the inferior petrosal sinus might originate from a remnant of the VCP (the so-called pro-otic sinus), but after midterm, most parasellar veins appeared to develop from the OPV without any contribution of the SPS. These findings suggest that parasellar sinus-network might be established after birth.

中文翻译:

人胚和胎儿体内的头状静脉炎和海绵窦。

颅内静脉引流路线从初发性腔静脉炎转换为横窦后,认为海绵窦从VCP与眼静脉(OPV)的连接部分发展而来。从12个胚胎和47个胎儿(6-35周)的组织学切片观察结果表明:(1)在第6周,VCP的主要支流在中脑弯曲(未来小脑腱膜)的腹侧腹板下方,并与OPV在三叉神经节的内侧;(2)在第7周时,上睑窦(SPS)独立于外侧初级静脉,在the骨内侧发展,向上伸展,似乎与横窦初次融合。(3)直到15-16周,肩旁静脉仅限于OPV的几个分支,不与三叉神经节侧面上的SPS连通;(4)15-16周后,肩旁静脉的数量和体积增加,但尚未排入SPS,而是排入新建的下睑窦。(5)近期,胸骨旁静脉开始向SPS静脉引流,而在海绵体外展神经周围很少可见静脉。因此,下睑窦可能起源于VCP的残余(所谓的前突窦),但是在中期之后,大多数肩旁静脉似乎是从OPV发育而没有SPS的任何贡献。这些发现表明,出生后可能会建立鞍旁窦网络。(4)15-16周后,肩旁静脉的数量和体积增加,但尚未排入SPS,而是排入新建的下睑窦。(5)近期,胸骨旁静脉开始向SPS静脉引流,而在海绵体外展神经周围很少可见静脉。因此,下睑窦可能起源于VCP的残余(所谓的前突窦),但是在中期之后,大多数肩旁静脉似乎是从OPV发育而没有SPS的任何贡献。这些发现表明,出生后可能会建立鞍旁窦网络。(4)15-16周后,肩旁静脉的数量和体积增加,但尚未排入SPS,而是排入新建的下睑窦。(5)近期,胸骨旁静脉开始向SPS静脉引流,而在海绵体外展神经周围很少可见静脉。因此,下睑窦可能起源于VCP的残余(所谓的前突窦),但是在中期之后,大多数肩旁静脉似乎是从OPV发育而没有SPS的任何贡献。这些发现表明,出生后可能会建立鞍旁窦网络。而在海绵体外展神经周围几乎没有明显的静脉。因此,下睑窦可能起源于VCP的残余(所谓的前突窦),但是在中期之后,大多数肩旁静脉似乎是从OPV发育而没有SPS的任何贡献。这些发现表明,出生后可能会建立鞍旁窦网络。而在海绵体外展神经周围几乎没有明显的静脉。因此,下睑窦可能起源于VCP的残余(所谓的前突窦),但是在中期之后,大多数肩旁静脉似乎是从OPV发育而没有SPS的任何贡献。这些发现表明,出生后可能会建立鞍旁窦网络。
更新日期:2020-01-21
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