This study was conducted to compare the in vitro proliferation and osteogenic differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from mandibular (M-MSCs) or femur (F-MSCs) tissues of rats. M-MSC and F-MSC cultures were isolated and established from the same rat. Cultures were observed for morphological changes by microscope and growth characteristics by CCK-8 and cloning assays. Cell adhesion ability on a culture plate and titanium sheet was detected by staining with toluidine blue and Hoechst 33258, respectively. The levels of Ca, P, and ALP (serially) during osteogenic differentiation were evaluated. Cultures were analyzed for mineralization potential with alizarin red and ALP staining methods and for differentiation markers with RT-PCR (ALP, Runx2, and OCN). M-MSCs and F-MSCs were successfully isolated from the same rat with uncontaminated culture, which showed significant differences in morphology. The proliferation rate of M-MSCs was higher than F-MSCs in primary culture, but significantly lower after passage. More colonies are formed from F-MSCs than from M-MSCs. M-MSCs showed a significantly higher mineralization and osteogenic differentiation potential, which might be of significance for use in bone/dental tissue engineering. In vitro, cell passage will decrease the proliferation ability of M-MSCs. The higher mineralization and osteogenic differentiation potential of M-MSCs could make them an approachable stem cell source for further application in stem cell-based clinical therapies.

中文翻译：

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大鼠下颌骨和股骨髓间充质干细胞体外增殖和成骨分化潜能的比较。

进行这项研究以比较大鼠下颌（M-MSCs）或股骨（F-MSCs）组织间充质干细胞（MSCs）的体外增殖和成骨分化潜能。从同一只大鼠中分离并建立M-MSC和F-MSC培养物。通过显微镜观察培养物的形态变化，并通过CCK-8和克隆测定法观察培养物的生长特征。通过分别用甲苯胺蓝和Hoechst 33258染色来检测在培养板和钛板上的细胞粘附能力。评估成骨分化过程中（血清中）Ca，P和ALP的水平。用茜素红和ALP染色法分析培养物的矿化潜力，用RT-PCR（ALP，Runx2和OCN）。M-MSCs和F-MSCs是从同一只大鼠未经污染的培养物中成功分离得到的，它们在形态上有显着差异。在原代培养中，M-MSCs的增殖率高于F-MSCs，但传代后则显着降低。F-MSC形成的菌落多于M-MSC。M-MSC具有明显更高的矿化和成骨分化潜能，这对于在骨骼/牙齿组织工程中的应用可能具有重要意义。在体外，细胞传代会降低M-MSC的增殖能力。M-MSC具有更高的矿化和成骨分化潜能，使其成为可进一步用于基于干细胞的临床疗法的干细胞来源。