Although the regulation of vitellogenesis in insects has been mainly discussed in terms of 'classical' lipid hormones, juvenile hormone (JH), and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), recent data support the notion that this process must be adjusted in harmony with a nutritional input/reservoir and involvement of certain indoleamines and neuropeptides in regulation of such process. This study focuses on crosstalks among these axes, lipid hormones, monoamines, and neuropeptides in regulation of vitellogenesis in the American cockroach Periplaneta americana with novel aspects in the roles of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (aaNAT), a key enzyme in indoleamine metabolism, and the enteroendocrine peptides; crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) and short neuropeptide F (sNPF). Double-stranded RNA against aaNAT (dsRNAaaNAT) was injected into designated-aged females and the effects were monitored including the expressions of aaNAT itself, vitellogenin 1 and 2 (Vg1 and Vg2) and the vitellogenin receptor (VgR) mRNAs, oocyte maturation and changes in the hemolymph peptide concentrations. Effects of peptides application and 20E were also investigated. Injection of dsRNAaaNAT strongly suppressed oocyte maturation, transcription of Vg1, Vg2, VgR, and genes encoding JH acid- and farnesoate O-methyltransferases (JHAMT and FAMeT, respectively) acting in the JH biosynthetic pathway. However, it did not affect hemolymph concentrations of CCAP and sNPF. Injection of CCAP stimulated, while sNPF suppressed oocyte maturation and Vgs/VgR transcription, i.e., acting as allatomedins. Injection of CCAP promoted, while sNPF repressed ecdysteroid (20E) synthesis, particularly at the second step of Vg uptake. 20E also affected the JH biosynthetic pathway and Vg/VgR synthesis. The results revealed that on the course of vitellogenesis, JH- and 20E-mediated regulation occurs downstream to indoleamines- and peptides-mediated regulations. Intricate mutual interactions of these regulatory routes must orchestrate reproduction in this species at the highest potency.

中文翻译：

---

吲哚胺，神经肽和JH / 20E之间的串扰在美洲蟑螂美洲i的繁殖调控中。

尽管主要根据“经典”脂质激素，少年激素（JH）和20-羟基蜕皮激素（20E）讨论了昆虫卵黄发生的调控，但最近的数据支持这一观点，即必须对这一过程进行调整以使其与营养相协调。输入/储库以及某些吲哚胺和神经肽参与此类过程的调节。这项研究着眼于美洲axes Periplaneta americana卵黄发生的调控中这些轴，脂质激素，单胺和神经肽之间的串扰，其中包括芳基烷基胺N-乙酰基转移酶（aaNAT）（吲哚胺代谢中的关键酶）和肠内分泌肽 甲壳类心脏活性肽（CCAP）和短神经肽F（sNPF）。将抗aNAT的双链RNA（dsRNAaaNAT）注入指定年龄的雌性中，并监测其影响，包括aNAT本身，卵黄蛋白原1和2（Vg1和Vg2）和卵黄蛋白原受体（VgR）mRNA的表达，卵母细胞成熟和变化在血淋巴肽浓度。还研究了肽应用和20E的影响。注射dsRNAaaNAT可以强烈抑制卵母细胞成熟，Vg1，Vg2，VgR的转录以及在JH生物合成途径中起作用的编码JH酸和法呢酯O-甲基转移酶的基因（分别为JHAMT和FAMeT）。但是，它不影响CCAP和sNPF的血淋巴浓度。注射CCAP可以刺激，而sNPF可以抑制卵母细胞成熟和Vgs / VgR转录，即，充当同种原子。促进了CCAP的注射 而sNPF抑制蜕皮甾类（20E）的合成，特别是在摄取Vg的第二步。20E也影响了JH生物合成途径和Vg / VgR合成。结果表明，在卵黄发生过程中，JH和20E介导的调节发生在吲哚胺和肽介导的调节的下游。这些调控途径之间的复杂相互作用必须以最高的效率协调该物种的繁殖。