When switching languages, bilinguals recruit a language control network that overlaps with brain regions known to support general cognitive control, but it is unclear whether these same regions are recruited in passive comprehension of language switches. Using fMRI with a blocked design, 24 Spanish-English bilinguals silently read 36 paragraphs in which the default language was Spanish or English, and that had either (1) no switches, (2) function word switches or (3) content word switches. Relative to no switches, function switches activated the right IFG, bilateral MFG, and left IPL/SMG. In contrast, switching on content words produced limited neural switching costs observed only in the left IFG. Switching into the dominant language was more costly in the right SMG than switching into the nondominant language, and neural switching costs were correlated with switching costs in the dominant language in cued picture-naming. Seemingly passive reading comprehension involves brain regions known to support cognitive control in active switching during production, possibly reflecting the operation of a modality-general switch mechanism.

中文翻译：

---

双语者默读混合语言段落时会招募认知控制区域


当转换语言时，双语者会招募一个语言控制网络，该网络与已知支持一般认知控制的大脑区域重叠，但尚不清楚这些相同的区域是否在语言转换的被动理解中被招募。使用分块设计的 fMRI，24 名西班牙语-英语双语者默读了 36 个段落，其中默认语言为西班牙语或英语，并且有 (1) 无开关、(2) 功能词开关或 (3) 实词开关。相对于无开关，功能开关激活右侧 IFG、双侧 MFG 和左侧 IPL/SMG。相比之下，内容词的切换产生的神经切换成本有限，仅在左侧 IFG 中观察到。在正确的 SMG 中，切换到主导语言的成本比切换到非主导语言的成本更高，并且神经切换成本与提示图片命名中主导语言的切换成本相关。看似被动的阅读理解涉及已知支持生产过程中主动切换认知控制的大脑区域，这可能反映了模态通用切换机制的操作。