Manganese (Mn) plays a complex role in the survival of pathogenic and symbiotic bacteria in eukaryotic hosts and is also important for free-living bacteria to thrive in stressful environments. This review summarizes new aspects of regulatory strategies to control intracellular Mn levels and gives an overview of several newly identified families of bacterial Mn transporters. Recent illustrative examples of advances in quantification of intracellular Mn pools and characterization of the effects of Mn perturbations are highlighted. These discoveries help define mechanisms of Mn selectivity and toxicity and could enable new strategies to combat pathogenic bacteria and promote growth of desirable bacteria.

中文翻译：

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细菌锰传感和稳态。

锰 (Mn) 在真核宿主中致病菌和共生菌的生存中起着复杂的作用，对于自由生活的细菌在压力环境中茁壮成长也很重要。本综述总结了控制细胞内锰水平的监管策略的新方面，并概述了几个新发现的细菌锰转运蛋白家族。突出显示了最近在细胞内 Mn 池量化和 Mn 扰动影响表征方面取得进展的说明性例子。这些发现有助于确定 Mn 选择性和毒性的机制，并可以制定新的策略来对抗病原菌并促进所需细菌的生长。