Members of the decapod infraorder Achelata, specifically species from the genus Panulirus, have storied histories as models for investigating the basic principles governing the generation, maintenance, and modulation of rhythmic motor behavior, including modulation by locally released and circulating peptides. Despite their contributions to our understanding of peptidergic neuromodulation, little is known about the identity of the native neuropeptides and neuronal peptide receptors present in these crustaceans. Here, a Panulirus argus nervous system-specific transcriptome was used to help fill this void, providing insight into the neuropeptidome and neuronal peptide receptome of this species. A neuropeptidome consisting of 266 distinct peptides was predicted using the P. argus assembly, 128 having structures placing them into a generally recognized arthropod peptide family: agatoxin-like peptide, allatostatin A (AST-A), allatostatin B, allatostatin C, bursicon, CCHamide, crustacean cardioactive peptide, crustacean hyperglycemic hormone/molt-inhibiting hormone, diuretic hormone 31 (DH31), ecdysis-triggering hormone (ETH), FMRFamide-like peptide (FLP), glycoprotein hormone (GPH), GSEFLamide, inotocin, leucokinin, myosuppressin, natalisin, neuroparsin, neuropeptide F, orcokinin, orcomyotropin, periviscerokinin, pigment-dispersing hormone, pyrokinin, red pigment-concentrating hormone, RYamide, short neuropeptide F (sNPF), SIFamide, sulfakinin, tachykinin-related peptide (TRP), and trissin. Twenty-five putative neuronal receptors, encompassing 15 peptide groups, were also identified from the P. argus transcriptome: AST-A, bursicon, CCHamide, DH31, diuretic hormone 44, ETH, FLP, GPH, inotocin, insulin-like peptide, myosuppressin, natalisin, periviscerokinin, sNPF, and TRP. Collectively, the reported data provide a powerful resource for expanding studies of neuropeptidergic control of physiology and behavior in members of the genus Panulirus specifically, and decapods generally.

十足目下目Achelata的成员，特别是来自Panulirus属的物种，已经将历史作为研究控制节律性运动行为的产生、维持和调节的基本原理的模型，包括通过局部释放和循环肽进行调节。尽管它们对我们对肽能神经调节的理解做出了贡献，但人们对这些甲壳类动物中存在的天然神经肽和神经元肽受体的身份知之甚少。在这里，乌鳢神经系统特异性转录组被用来帮助填补这一空白，从而深入了解该物种的神经肽组和神经元肽受体组。使用乌鳢组装体预测了由 266 种不同肽组成的神经肽组，其中 128 种具有将它们置于普遍认可的节肢动物肽家族中的结构：雷加毒素样肽、尿抑素 A (AST-A)、尿抑素 B、尿抑素 C、bursicon、 CCH酰胺、甲壳动物心脏活性肽、甲壳动物高血糖激素/蜕皮抑制激素、利尿激素31 (DH31)、蜕皮激素(ETH)、FMRF酰胺样肽(FLP)、糖蛋白激素(GPH)、GSEFLamide、肌缩宫素、白细胞激肽、肌抑制素、那他素、神经解素、神经肽 F、orcokinin、orcomyotropin、periviscerokinin、色素分散激素、焦激肽、红色素浓缩激素、RYamide、短神经肽 F (sNPF)、SIFamide、磺胺激肽、速激肽相关肽 (TRP) 和特里辛。还从乌鳢转录组中鉴定出 25 种假定的神经元受体，涵盖 15 个肽组：AST-A、bursicon、CCHamide、DH31、利尿激素 44、ETH、FLP、GPH、肌产素、胰岛素样肽、肌抑制素、那他利辛、内脏周激肽、sNPF 和 TRP。总的来说，所报道的数据为扩大对虾属成员和十足目动物的生理和行为的神经肽能控制的研究提供了强大的资源。