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The Effects of Anesthetics on the Cortex—Lessons From Event-Related Potentials
Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-11 , DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2020.00002
Dana Baron Shahaf 1 , Gregory M T Hare 2, 3, 4, 5 , Goded Shahaf 6
Affiliation  

Consciousness while under general anesthesia is a dreadful condition. Various electroencephalogram (EEG)-based technologies have been developed, on the basis of empirical evidence, in order to identify this condition. However, certain electrophysiological phenomena, which seem strongly related with depth of anesthesia in some drugs, appear less consistent with those of other anesthetic drugs. There is a gap between the complexity of the phenomenon of consciousness and its behavioral manifestations, on the one hand, and the empirical nature of the reported electrophysiological markers, which are associated with it, on the other hand. In fact, such a gap might prevent us from progressing toward unified electrophysiological markers of consciousness while under anesthesia, which are applicable to all anesthetic drugs. We believe that there is a need to bridge this conceptual gap. Therefore, in this work, we will try to present a theoretical framework for such bridging. First, we suggest focusing on neuropsychological processes, which seem to have a clear role in the behavioral manifestations of consciousness while under anesthesia but seem, nevertheless, better defined than consciousness itself—such as perception and attention. Then, we suggest analyzing the effects of anesthesia upon these neuropsychological processes, as they are manifested in the EEG signal. Specifically, we will focus on the effects of anesthesia on event-related potentials (ERPs), which seem more easily associable with neuropsychological modeling.

中文翻译:

麻醉剂对皮层的影响——来自事件相关电位的教训

全身麻醉下的意识是一种可怕的状况。为了识别这种情况,已经根据经验证据开发了各种基于脑电图 (EEG) 的技术。然而,某些电生理现象似乎与某些药物的麻醉深度密切相关,但与其他麻醉药物的电生理现象似乎不太一致。一方面,意识现象及其行为表现的复杂性与所报告的与之相关的电生理标记的经验性质之间存在差距。事实上,这样的差距可能会阻止我们在麻醉状态下朝着统一的意识电生理标记发展,这适用于所有麻醉药物。我们认为有必要弥合这一概念鸿沟。因此,在这项工作中,我们将尝试为这种桥接提出一个理论框架。首先,我们建议关注神经心理过程,神经心理过程似乎在麻醉状态下意识的行为表现中具有明显的作用,但似乎比意识本身更好定义——例如感知和注意力。然后,我们建议分析麻醉对这些神经心理过程的影响,因为它们表现在 EEG 信号中。具体来说,我们将关注麻醉对事件相关电位 (ERP) 的影响,这似乎更容易与神经心理学模型联系起来。我们建议关注神经心理过程,这些过程似乎在麻醉状态下意识的行为表现中具有明显的作用,但似乎比意识本身更明确——例如感知和注意力。然后,我们建议分析麻醉对这些神经心理过程的影响,因为它们表现在 EEG 信号中。具体来说,我们将关注麻醉对事件相关电位 (ERP) 的影响,这似乎更容易与神经心理学模型联系起来。我们建议关注神经心理过程,这些过程似乎在麻醉状态下意识的行为表现中具有明显的作用,但似乎比意识本身更明确——例如感知和注意力。然后,我们建议分析麻醉对这些神经心理过程的影响,因为它们表现在 EEG 信号中。具体来说,我们将关注麻醉对事件相关电位 (ERP) 的影响,这似乎更容易与神经心理学模型联系起来。我们建议分析麻醉对这些神经心理过程的影响,因为它们表现在 EEG 信号中。具体来说,我们将关注麻醉对事件相关电位 (ERP) 的影响,这似乎更容易与神经心理学模型联系起来。我们建议分析麻醉对这些神经心理过程的影响,因为它们表现在 EEG 信号中。具体来说,我们将关注麻醉对事件相关电位 (ERP) 的影响,这似乎更容易与神经心理学模型联系起来。
更新日期:2020-02-11
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