Zebrafish do not possess the typical astrocytes that are found in mammalian systems. In some brain areas, this teleost has radial glia that appears to perform astrocyte-like functions, but these cells have not been described in the zebrafish olfactory bulb. Mammalian astrocytes facilitate neuroplasticity and undergo astrogliosis after insult. The role of these cells in the zebrafish olfactory system after the damage has been poorly explored. This is important to examine because zebrafish have a high degree of neuroplasticity and the olfactory bulb is a brain area renowned for plasticity. The goal of this study was to explore the potential role of zebrafish astrocytes in the olfactory bulb damage response, with a goal to exploit the high level of regeneration in this system. We found that anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) labels numerous processes in the zebrafish olfactory bulb that are concentrated in the nerve and glomerular layers (GL) and do not show radial glial-like morphology. We propose to term this astroglia, since their location and response to damage suggests that they are similar in function to the mammalian astrocyte. To induce repetitive peripheral damage to the olfactory organ, a wax plug was inserted into the nasal cavity of adult zebrafish every 12 h for up to 7 days; this crushes the olfactory organ and leads to degradation of olfactory sensory neuron axons that project to the olfactory bulb. After 1 day, we found a significant increase in astroglial labeling in the affected bulb when compared to the internal control bulb and astroglial branches appeared to increase in number and size. By the third day of plug insertions there was no significant difference in astroglial labeling between the affected bulb and the internal control bulb. These data lead us to believe that astrogliosis does occur in the presence of peripheral damage, but this process attenuates within 1 week and no glial scar is evident upon recovery from the damage. Further exploration of astrocytes in zebrafish, in particular this apparent attenuation of astrogliosis, has the potential to elucidate key differences in glial function between teleosts and mammals.

中文翻译：

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嗅球中的斑马鱼星形胶质细胞形态发生了反复的周围损伤。

斑马鱼不具有哺乳动物系统中常见的星形胶质细胞。在某些大脑区域，这种硬骨鱼具有看起来像星形胶质细胞样功能的放射状胶质细胞，但是这些细胞在斑马鱼嗅球中并未被描述。哺乳动物星形胶质细胞促进神经可塑性并在受到侮辱后发生星形胶质细胞变性。受损后，这些细胞在斑马鱼嗅觉系统中的作用尚未得到充分研究。这一点非常重要，因为斑马鱼具有高度的神经可塑性，而嗅球是以可塑性着称的大脑区域。这项研究的目的是探索斑马鱼星形胶质细胞在嗅球损伤反应中的潜在作用，以利用该系统中的高水平再生。我们发现抗神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）标记了斑马鱼嗅球中的许多过程，这些过程集中在神经和肾小球层（GL）中，并且不显示放射状神经胶质样形态。由于它们的位置和对损伤的反应表明它们的功能与哺乳动物星形胶质细胞相似，因此我们建议将该星状术语称为术语。为了对嗅觉器官造成重复性的外周损伤，每12小时将蜡塞插入成年斑马鱼的鼻腔中长达7天。这会压碎嗅觉器官，并导致投射到嗅球的嗅觉感觉神经元轴突降解。1天后，与内部对照球茎相比，我们发现受影响的球茎中的星形胶质标记显着增加，并且星形胶质分支的数量和大小似乎有所增加。在插入插头的第三天，受影响的灯泡和内部控制灯泡之间的星形胶质标签没有显着差异。这些数据使我们相信星形胶质增生确实是在周围损伤的情况下发生的，但是该过程在1周内减弱，并且从损伤中恢复后没有明显的神经胶质瘢痕。斑马鱼中星形胶质细胞的进一步探索，特别是星形胶质细胞增生的这种明显减弱，有可能阐明硬骨鱼和哺乳动物之间神经胶质功能的关键差异。但此过程在1周内减弱，从损伤中恢复后没有明显的神经胶质疤痕。斑马鱼中星形胶质细胞的进一步探索，尤其是星形胶质细胞增生的这种明显减弱，有可能阐明硬骨鱼和哺乳动物之间神经胶质功能的关键差异。但此过程在1周内减弱，从损伤中恢复后没有明显的神经胶质疤痕。斑马鱼中星形胶质细胞的进一步探索，特别是星形胶质细胞增生的这种明显减弱，有可能阐明硬骨鱼和哺乳动物之间神经胶质功能的关键差异。