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The metabolic effect of gut microbiota on drugs.
Drug Metabolism Reviews ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-02 , DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2020.1718691
Yuan Xie 1, 2 , Fangdi Hu 1 , Dawei Xiang 2 , Hui Lu 2 , Wenbin Li 2 , Anpeng Zhao 2 , Longji Huang 1, 2 , Rong Wang 1, 2
Affiliation  

There are more than 1000 species of microbes reside in the human gut, umbering∼1014 microbes. As the invisible organ of human beings, gut microbiota can usually participate in drug metabolism by producing specific enzymes, such as reductase and hydrolytic enzyme, thus affecting the efficacy, toxicity, and bioavailability of drugs. At least 30 commercially available drugs have been shown to be substrates of gut microbes-derived enzymes, and an increasing number of drugs may have the potential to contact with the distal gut with the help of improved release systems or poor solubility/permeability, more drugs are expected to be found to be metabolized through the gut flora. By collecting examples of intestinal flora participating in the metabolism of synthetic drugs and traditional Chinese medicine components, this article provides a comprehensive reference for future researchers to study drug metabolism by intestinal flora. Noticeably, the composition and quantity of intestinal flora varies among individuals, and can be affected by some drug administration (such as antibiotics) or environmental changes (acute plateau hypoxia). This seems to suggest that intestinal flora could have the potential to be a new drug target to affect the efficacy of drugs which can be metabolized by Intestinal flora. Accordingly, understanding the impact of intestinal flora on drug metabolism and clarifying the drug transformation process is of great significance for guiding rational clinical use, individualized use, toxicological evaluation, and promoting drug discovery and development.

中文翻译:

肠道菌群对药物的代谢作用。

人的肠道内存在1000多种微生物,其中约有1014种微生物。肠道菌群作为人类的隐形器官,通常可以通过产生特定的酶(例如还原酶和水解酶)参与药物代谢,从而影响药物的功效,毒性和生物利用度。已显示至少30种市售药物是肠道微生物衍生的酶的底物,越来越多的药物可能在改善释放系统或不良溶解性/通透性的帮助下与远端肠道接触,更多的药物预计将通过肠道菌群代谢。通过收集参与合成药物和中药成分代谢的肠道菌群实例,本文为将来的研究者研究肠道菌群的药物代谢提供了全面的参考。值得注意的是,肠道菌群的组成和数量因人而异,并可能受到某些药物管理(例如抗生素)或环境变化(急性高原缺氧)的影响。这似乎表明肠道菌群有可能成为新的药物靶标,从而影响可被肠道菌群代谢的药物的功效。因此,了解肠道菌群对药物代谢的影响并阐明药物转化过程,对于指导合理的临床使用,个体化使用,毒理学评价,促进药物发现和开发具有重要意义。肠道菌群的组成和数量因人而异,并可能受到某些药物管理(例如抗生素)或环境变化(急性高原缺氧)的影响。这似乎表明肠道菌群有可能成为新的药物靶标,从而影响可被肠道菌群代谢的药物的功效。因此,了解肠道菌群对药物代谢的影响并阐明药物转化过程,对于指导合理的临床使用,个体化使用,毒理学评价,促进药物发现和开发具有重要意义。肠道菌群的组成和数量因人而异,并可能受到某些药物管理(例如抗生素)或环境变化(急性高原缺氧)的影响。这似乎表明肠道菌群可能会成为新的药物靶标,从而影响可被肠道菌群代谢的药物的功效。因此,了解肠道菌群对药物代谢的影响并阐明药物转化过程,对于指导合理的临床使用,个体化使用,毒理学评价以及促进药物发现和开发具有重要意义。这似乎表明肠道菌群可能会成为新的药物靶标,从而影响可被肠道菌群代谢的药物的功效。因此,了解肠道菌群对药物代谢的影响并阐明药物转化过程,对于指导合理的临床使用,个体化使用,毒理学评价,促进药物发现和开发具有重要意义。这似乎表明肠道菌群有可能成为新的药物靶标,从而影响可被肠道菌群代谢的药物的功效。因此,了解肠道菌群对药物代谢的影响并阐明药物转化过程,对于指导合理的临床使用,个体化使用,毒理学评价以及促进药物发现和开发具有重要意义。
更新日期:2020-04-20
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