The protective role of astaxanthin nanoparticles (Ast NPs, 25 mg/kg p.o) against cadmium (Cd, 1 mg/100 g b.w. SC), a known inductor of lipid peroxidation and changes in the antioxidant defense system in the Ross 308 breeder roosters sperm, was examined. Sperm motility (computer-assisted sperm motility analysis), membrane integrity (hypoosmotic swelling test), viability, total abnormality, and enzymatic parameters were assessed after thawing. The testis/body weight (mg/kg) ratio and HE staining results of testis were also performed. The obtained results showed that Cd induced detrimental effects on testis and sperm, while Cd treated by Ast NPs (Cd Ast) diminished this change compared to the Cd group. Cd-treated group resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) lowest total (37.29 ± 2.46) and progressive (5.84 ± 0.47) motility and decreased antioxidant enzyme activity (CAT, TAC, and GPx), as well as producing a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in testis weight (mg) compared to the control group. Treatment with Ast NPs (Ast NPs + Cd) had reversed Cd-induced changes in the antioxidant defense system and significantly prevented Cd-induced testis damage. In conclusion, the results of our work suggest that Ast NPs at 25 mg/kg act as a potent antioxidant in protecting rooster testes against oxidative stress induced by Cd.

中文翻译：

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虾青素纳米颗粒在保护受镉施用挑战的公鸡精子解冻后质量中的作用。

虾青素纳米颗粒（Ast NPs，25 mg / kg po）对镉（Cd，1 mg / 100 g bw SC）的保护作用，镉是脂质过氧化的已知诱导剂，并且在罗斯308繁殖种公鸡精子中的抗氧化防御系统发生变化，进行了检查。解冻后评估精子运动（计算机辅助的精子运动分析），膜完整性（低渗溶胀试验），生存力，总异常和酶学参数。还进行了睾丸/体重（mg / kg）比和睾丸的HE染色结果。获得的结果表明，Cd对睾丸和精子有不利影响，而与Cd组相比，Ast NPs（Cd Ast）处理的Cd减少了这种变化。镉治疗组的总显着性（P <0.05）最低（37.29±2.46）而进展性（5.84±0）。47）与对照组相比，运动能力增强，抗氧化酶活性降低（CAT，TAC和GPx），睾丸重量（mg）明显降低（P <0.05）。Ast NPs（Ast NPs + Cd）的治疗逆转了Cd诱导的抗氧化防御系统变化，并显着防止了Cd诱导的睾丸损伤。总之，我们的工作结果表明，25 mg / kg的Ast NPs在保护公鸡的睾丸免受Cd引起的氧化应激方面起着有效的抗氧化剂的作用。