Leishmania is an intracellular protozoan parasite, mainly infects macrophages of mammalian tissues. Inflammatory related cytokines have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of leishmaniasis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum concentrations of IL-1β and IL-17 in patients with active visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and control group. Serum concentrations of both IL-1β and IL-17 cytokines were assessed by ELISA in Leishmania infantum infected patients (n = 25) and healthy individuals (n = 25) from Meshkin-Shahr, northwest of Iran. Mean serum concentrations of IL-1β in the patients and control groups were 47.34 ± 23.82, and 20.49 ± 9.38, respectively, which was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Furthermore, mean IL-17 concentration in patients with VL (243.96 ± 73.46) was twice higher comparing to control group (106.38 ± 129.06) (p < 0.001). Several cytokines are involved in the regulation of immunity against VL. The present data has shown that, increased serum concentrations of IL-1β and IL-17 are present in the patients with VL. Further investigations are needed to enhance our knowledge about the regulatory role of these cytokines in leishmaniasis.

中文翻译：

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内脏利什曼病患者的血清IL-1β和IL-17细胞因子分布。

利什曼原虫是细胞内的原生动物寄生虫，主要感染哺乳动物组织的巨噬细胞。炎症相关的细胞因子在利什曼病的发病机理中具有至关重要的作用。本研究的目的是评估活动性内脏利什曼病（VL）患者和对照组的血清IL-1β和IL-17浓度。通过ELISA评估了来自伊朗西北部Meshkin-Shahr的婴儿利什曼原虫感染的患者（n = 25）和健康个体（n = 25）的血清IL-1β和IL-17细胞因子浓度。患者和对照组的平均IL-1β浓度分别为47.34±23.82和20.49±9.38，具有统计学意义（p <0.001）。此外，VL患者的平均IL-17浓度（243.96±73.46）比对照组（106.38±129）高出两倍。06）（p <0.001）。几种细胞因子参与了针对VL的免疫调节。目前的数据表明，VL患者的血清IL-1β和IL-17浓度升高。需要进一步的研究来增强我们对这些细胞因子在利什曼病中的调节作用的认识。