Sensory-specific satiety (SSS) describes a reduction in the pleasantness of the taste of (momentary liking) and desire to consume a food that occurs with consumption, compared with the relative preservation of liking and desire for uneaten foods. We conducted three studies in healthy female and male participants to test whether SSS generalises from sweet drinks to sweet foods. Studies 1 (n = 40) and 2 (n = 64) used a two-condition cross-over design. Participants consumed non-carbonated, fruit squash drinks sweetened with low-calorie sweeteners (LCS) versus water and evaluated various food and drink samples (stimuli). Generalisation of SSS was evident across all sweet stimuli, without an effect on non-sweet (savoury) stimuli. These SSS effects were present when measured shortly after consumption of the sweet drink, but not 2 h later. There was no evidence of a 'rebound' increase above baseline in liking or desire to consume sweet foods 2 h after the sweet drink versus water. In study 3, 51 participants consumed labelled and branded 500 ml cola and water drinks (4 conditions, cross-over design) immediately before and during ad libitum consumption of sweet and non-sweet snack foods. Compared with still water, 'diet' (LCS-sweetened) cola reduced sweet food intake, but not total ad libitum intake. Carbonated water decreased hunger and increased fullness compared with still water, without differentially affecting thirst. Energy compensation from the ad libitum snacks for consumption of sugar-containing cola averaged only 20%. Together, these results demonstrate that consumption of LCS drinks acutely decreases desire for sweet foods, which supports their use in place of sugar-sweetened drinks. Further studies on the effects of carbonation of appetite are warranted.

中文翻译：

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甜食：甜饮料消费对甜食和非甜食的食欲和摄入量的急性影响

感官特异性饱腹感 (SSS) 描述的是，与对未食用食物的喜好和欲望的相对保留相比，随着消费而发生的（瞬间喜欢）的味道和消费欲望的愉悦感降低。我们在健康的女性和男性参与者中进行了三项研究，以测试 SSS 是否从甜饮料推广到甜食。研究 1 (n = 40) 和 2 (n = 64) 使用了双条件交叉设计。参与者饮用添加了低热量甜味剂 (LCS) 和水的非碳酸水果南瓜饮料，并评估了各种食品和饮料样品（刺激物）。SSS 的泛化在所有甜味刺激中都很明显，对非甜味（咸味）刺激没有影响。在饮用甜饮料后不久测量时，这些 SSS 效应存在，但不是 2 小时后。没有证据表明在喝甜饮料与喝水后 2 小时，对甜食的喜好或欲望比基线“反弹”增加。在研究 3 中，51 名参与者在随意食用甜味和非甜味零食之前和期间饮用了贴有标签和品牌的 500 毫升可乐和水饮料（4 种条件，交叉设计）。与静水相比，“饮食”（LCS 加糖）可乐减少了甜食的摄入量，但不随意摄入总量。与静水相比，碳酸水可减少饥饿感并增加饱腹感，而对口渴的影响没有差异。食用含糖可乐的随意零食能量补偿平均仅为 20%。总之，这些结果表明，LCS 饮料的消费会急剧降低对甜食的渴望，这支持它们代替含糖饮料的使用。有必要进一步研究碳酸化对食欲的影响。