Bisphenol A (BPA) is a manmade chemical that is only found in the environment due to anthropogenic activities. A total of 1150 surface freshwater samples were collected and analysed for BPA at 44 sampling sites in Canada from 2012 to 2018. The resultant concentrations ranged from 3.05 to 1888.51 ng/L. In addition, 64% of the samples were reported to be under the detection limit of the laboratory. In comparison, the Federal Environmental Quality Guideline for the protection of aquatic life is 3500 ng/L. Sampling sites were categorised into four groups based on the dominant activities present upstream in their watersheds: reference sites, mixed use sites, urban sites, and municipal waste water treatment plants (MWWTP) associated sites. Based on the results of this study, detections of BPA in water samples were more frequent in urban and MWWTP-associated sites. Additionally, there does not seem to be a statistically significant temporal (upward or downward) or spatial trend in BPA concentrations in Canadian surface waters from 2012 to 2018 only. Overall, Canadian BPA results are of similar concentrations to that of other countries in Asia and Europe.

中文翻译：

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加拿大淡水环境中双酚A的时空分布。

双酚A（BPA）是一种人造化学物质，由于人为活动而仅在环境中发现。2012年至2018年，在加拿大的44个采样点总共收集了1150个地表淡水样品并进行了BPA分析。结果浓度范围为3.05至1888.51 ng / L。此外，据报告有64％的样品低于实验室的检测极限。相比之下，保护水生生物的联邦环境质量指南为3500 ng / L。根据流域上游的主要活动，将采样站点分为四类：参考站点，混合使用站点，城市站点和市政废水处理厂（MWWTP）相关站点。根据这项研究的结果，在城市和与MWWTP相关的地点，水样中BPA的检出率更高。此外，仅从2012年到2018年，加拿大地表水中BPA浓度似乎没有统计上的显着时间（向上或向下）或空间趋势。总体而言，加拿大的BPA结果与亚洲和欧洲其他国家的结果相似。