Suisun Marsh (Solano County, California) is the largest contiguous marsh remaining on the West Coast of the United States, and makes up approximately 10% of the wetlands remaining in the San Francisco Estuary. Suisun Marsh has been safeguarded from development through the operation of over 100 privately owned waterfowl hunting clubs, which manage for diked waterfowl habitat. However, this management—and the subsequent loss of tidal influence—has been considered harmful for some species, including the endangered salt marsh harvest mouse (SMHM; Reithrodontomys raviventris). To determine the value of tidal wetlands relative to those managed for waterfowl, we performed periodic surveys for rodents in managed and tidal wetlands over 5 years, and used capture-mark-recapture analyses to estimate demographic parameters and abundance for the three most common rodents—the northern SMHM (R. r. halicoetes), the western harvest mouse (a sympatric native species; R. megalotis, WHM), and the house mouse (a sympatric invasive species; Mus musculus). Wetland type had no effect on detection, temporary emigration, or survival for any of these species. However, fecundity and population growth for all three species were affected by an interaction of season and wetland type, although none of these parameters was consistently superior in either habitat type. Estimated abundance of SMHM and Mus was similar in both wetland types, whereas WHM were more abundant in managed wetlands. Salt marsh harvest mice also showed no affinity for any microhabitat characteristics associated with tidal wetlands. Managed wetlands in Suisun Marsh support SMHM and Mus equally, and abundances of WHM were greater than in tidal wetlands, suggesting managed wetlands may be superior in terms of supporting native rodents. As climate change and sea level rise are predicted to threaten coastal marshes, these results suggest the recovery strategy for SMHM could incorporate managed wetlands.

中文翻译：

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盐沼收获小鼠（Reithrodontomys raviventris halicoetes）和潮汐和管理湿地中相关啮齿动物的人口统计学

Suisun Marsh（加利福尼亚州索拉诺县）是美国西海岸现存最大的连续沼泽，约占旧金山河口湿地的 10%。Suisun Marsh 通过经营 100 多个私营水禽狩猎俱乐部来保护其免于开发，这些俱乐部负责管理堤坝水禽栖息地。然而，这种管理 - 以及随后失去潮汐影响 - 已被认为对某些物种有害，包括濒临灭绝的盐沼收获鼠（SMHM; Reithrodontomys raviventris）。为了确定潮汐湿地相对于水禽管理湿地的价值，我们在 5 年内对管理湿地和潮汐湿地中的啮齿动物进行了定期调查，并使用捕获标记重新捕获分析来估计三种最常见啮齿动物的人口统计参数和丰度 - 北部 SMHM（R. r. halicoetes）、西部收获小鼠（同域本土物种；R. megalotis，WHM）和家鼠（同域入侵物种；Mus musculus）。湿地类型对任何这些物种的发现、临时迁徙或生存都没有影响。然而，所有三个物种的繁殖力和种群增长都受到季节和湿地类型相互作用的影响，尽管这些参数在任何一种栖息地类型中都不是始终优越的。两种湿地类型中 SMHM 和 Mus 的估计丰度相似，而 WHM 在管理湿地中更为丰富。盐沼收获小鼠也没有表现出对与潮汐湿地相关的任何微生境特征的亲和力。Suisun Marsh 的管理湿地同样支持 SMHM 和 Mus，WHM 的丰度高于潮汐湿地，表明管理湿地在支持本地啮齿动物方面可能更好。由于预计气候变化和海平面上升将威胁沿海沼泽，这些结果表明 SMHM 的恢复策略可以纳入管理湿地。