This study investigates if Cu and Pb act as endocrine disruptors affecting endometrial cells. Primary EnSCs and EnECs were exposed to Cu (0, 50, 100 and 200 μM) or Pb (0, 30, 100 and 500 μM) and assessed for viability, decidualization, apoptosis and proliferation on EnSCs, and wound healing and adhesion capabilities on EnECs. Cu exposure decreased significantly cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Cu and Pb negatively affected in vitro decidualization, showing a significant decrease in PRL secretion. HOXA10 and ERα mRNA levels significantly decreased in decidualized cells (dEnSCs) exposed to Cu. Cu and Pb decreased adhesion and regeneration capability in EnEC. This study reveals that Cu and Pb could negatively affect endometrial functionality, compromising the decidualization process and disrupting endometrial regeneration and embryo adhesion. Therefore, special care should be taken considering heavy metals exposure if pregnancy is being pursued.

中文翻译：

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铜和铅的暴露会干扰原代子宫内膜基质和上皮细胞的生殖功能。

这项研究调查了铜和铅是否充当影响子宫内膜细胞的内分泌干扰物。将主要EnSC和EnEC暴露于Cu（0、50、100和200μM）或Pb（0、30、100和500μM）并评估EnSCs的生存力，蜕膜化，凋亡和增殖以及伤口愈合和黏附能力EnECs。铜暴露以剂量依赖性方式显着降低细胞活力。铜和铅对体外蜕膜化有负面影响，显示PRL分泌显着减少。在暴露于铜的蜕膜细胞（dEnSCs）中，HOXA10和ERαmRNA水平显着降低。铜和铅降低了EnEC中的粘附和再生能力。这项研究表明，铜和铅可能会对子宫内膜功能产生负面影响，损害蜕膜化过程并破坏子宫内膜再生和胚胎粘附。因此，如果要怀孕，应特别注意考虑重金属的暴露。