Lead mobilization in aquaculture and its generated health hazards prompted the use of a cheap and reusable method for its removal within a short duration. A 3D macroporous microbial biomat formed of Trichoderma viride immobilized on luffah was used for Pb removal. The biomat was used to remove 79% of initial 400 mg/kg Pb in 24 h that increased to 87% under optimized conditions of pH, temperature, and contact time. In order to reduce the time needed for Pb bioremoval to 1 h, pretreated biomats were used, resulting in an increase in removal from 58% to 96% upon exposure to gamma radiation (0.01 kilogray [kGy]). The irradiated biomat was studied in terms of morphology, elemental analysis of surface biosorbed Pb and surface functional groups using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results show a difference in the adsorption pattern. The biomat was reused efficiently for 3 consecutive cycles and was also used in fixed bed column showing 89% removal for downward flow and in real aquaculture samples. Pretreated microbial biomats are very suitable for use in fixed bed reactors or as a biofilter and can be tested in recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs), thereby contributing to water conservation and aquaculture sustainability. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:508–516. © 2020 SETAC

中文翻译：

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γ射线辐照的大孔微生物生物垫对去除铅的功效：拟议的水产养殖应用。

水产养殖中的铅动员及其产生的健康危害促使人们使用廉价且可重复使用的方法在短时间内将其清除。由维氏木霉形成的3D大孔微生物生物垫固定在丝瓜上的用于去除Pb。该生物垫用于在24小时内除去初始400 mg / kg铅的79％，在优化的pH，温度和接触时间条件下，该铅增加至87％。为了将Pb生物去除所需的时间减少到1 h，使用了经过预处理的生物垫，当暴露于伽玛射线（0.01 kgray [kGy]）时，去除率从58％增加到96％。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM），能量色散X射线（EDX）和傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱学研究了被辐照的生物垫的形态，表面生物吸附的铅和表面官能团的元素分析。结果表明吸附模式不同。该生物垫有效地重复使用了3个连续周期，还用于固定床色谱柱，显示向下流的去除率为89％，还用于实际水产养殖样品。预处理的微生物生物垫非常适合用于固定床反应器或用作生物滤池，并且可以在循环水产养殖系统（RASs）中进行测试，从而有助于节约用水和水产养殖的可持续性。Integr环境评估管理2020； 16：508–516。©2020 SETAC