In this issue of the Journal, Deliu et al look at the longitudinal trajectories of medical record confirmed severe exacerbations of wheeze from infancy into childhood.1 They used a data-driven methodology to derive exacerbation trajectories in the Manchester Asthma and Allergy Study cohort.2 Amongst the 160 participants with at least one severe exacerbation, they found two clusters: “Infrequent exacerbations” (93.7%) and “Early-onset frequent exacerbations” (6.3%) (Figure 1). Limited breastfeeding was associated with the more severe phenotype. Furthermore, participants in the more severe group were more likely to have lower lung function and asthma during adolescence. Many patients with cystic fibrosis have allergy sensitization to Aspergillus fumigatus. Eickmeier et al have looked to see whether such sensitization is associated with TH-2 inflammation leading to an asthma-like disease pattern.3 They assessed 35 children and young adults with cystic fibrosis and 20 healthy controls with lung function, exhaled nitric oxide, induced sputum bronchial allergen provocation testing (if sensitized to A fumigatus). Sensitization did not have any impact on parameters in the cystic fibrosis patients. However, eight of 13 sensitized cystic fibrosis patients developed significant bronchospasm and raised eNO the next day with TH-2–mediated inflammation within the sputum sample (Figure 1). So A fumigatus sensitization may be associated with IgE/TH-2 airway inflammation (Figure 2). Finally, Tacquard et al have looked at a novel approach to treating severe anaphylaxis in an animal model.4 ABT-491, a platelet activating factor (PAF)-receptor antagonist, was given with or without adrenaline. Although the PAF-receptor antagonist was not as effective as adrenaline, it had an additive effect with adrenaline therapy (Figure 3). This approach might be a useful for anaphylaxis resistant to adrenaline therapy.5,6 Lastly, we are still welcoming submissions for the 2020 special issue on novel interventional strategies in allergy and asthma.7 They can be original research papers, brief research reports or reviews on any interventional strategies in allergy and asthma. Examples would

中文翻译：

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严重喘息、曲霉菌和过敏反应的新方法

在本期杂志中，Deliu 等人研究了病历的纵向轨迹，证实了从婴儿到儿童期喘息的严重恶化。1 他们使用数据驱动的方法来推导出曼彻斯特哮喘和过敏研究队列中的恶化轨迹。2在至少有一次严重恶化的 160 名参与者中，他们发现了两个集群：“不频繁恶化”（93.7%）和“早发频繁恶化”（6.3%）（图 1）。有限的母乳喂养与更严重的表型有关。此外，较严重组的参与者更有可能在青春期出现肺功能下降和哮喘。许多囊性纤维化患者对烟曲霉过敏。Eickmeier 等人研究了这种致敏是否与导致哮喘样疾病模式的 TH-2 炎症有关。3 他们评估了 35 名患有囊性纤维化的儿童和年轻人和 20 名健康对照的肺功能，呼出的痰支气管过敏原激发试验（如果对烟曲霉过敏）。致敏对囊性纤维化患者的参数没有任何影响。然而，13 名致敏的囊性纤维化患者中有 8 名在第二天出现了明显的支气管痉挛，并在痰液样本中出现了 TH-2 介导的炎症，eNO 升高（图 1）。因此，熏烟致敏可能与 IgE/TH-2 气道炎症有关（图 2）。最后，Tacquard 等人研究了一种在动物模型中治疗严重过敏反应的新方法。 4 ABT-491，血小板激活因子 (PAF) 受体拮抗剂与或不与肾上腺素一起给予。尽管 PAF 受体拮抗剂不如肾上腺素有效，但它与肾上腺素治疗具有累加效应（图 3）。这种方法可能对肾上腺素治疗耐药的过敏反应有用。5,6 最后，我们仍然欢迎提交 2020 年关于过敏和哮喘新干预策略的特刊。7 它们可以是原创研究论文、简短的研究报告或评论关于过敏和哮喘的任何干预策略。例子会 这种方法可能对肾上腺素治疗耐药的过敏反应有用。5,6 最后，我们仍然欢迎提交 2020 年关于过敏和哮喘新干预策略的特刊。7 它们可以是原创研究论文、简短的研究报告或评论关于过敏和哮喘的任何干预策略。例子会 这种方法可能对肾上腺素治疗耐药的过敏反应有用。5,6 最后，我们仍然欢迎提交 2020 年关于过敏和哮喘新干预策略的特刊。7 它们可以是原创研究论文、简短的研究报告或评论关于过敏和哮喘的任何干预策略。例子会