Recent research has investigated how personality trait differences influence the processing of emotion conveyed by pictures, but limited research has examined the emotion conveyed by words. The present study investigated whether extraversion (extroverts vs. introverts) and neuroticism (high neurotics vs. low neurotics) influence the processing of positive, neutral, and negative words that were matched for arousal. Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded from healthy participants while they performed a lexical decision task. We found that personality traits influenced emotional word recognition at N400 (300-450 ms) and LPC (450-800 ms). At the earlier (N400) stage, the more extraverted and neurotic a participant was, the more reduced the N400s for the positive words relative to neutral words were. This suggests that the extroverts and high neurotics (i.e., high impulsivity) identified positive content in words during lexical feature retrieval, which facilitated such retrieval. At the later (LPC) stage, both the introverts and high neurotics (i.e., high anxiety) showed greater LPCs to negative than neutral words, indicating their sustained attention and elaborative processing of negative information. These results suggest that extraversion and neuroticism collectively influence different stages of emotional word recognition in a way that is consistent with Gray's biopsychological theory of personality.

中文翻译：

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人格特质与情感词识别：一项ERP研究。

最近的研究已经研究了人格特质差异如何影响图片传达的情感的处理，但是有限的研究却研究了文字传达的情感。本研究调查了外向性（外向性与内向性）和神经质性（高神经质性与低度神经质性）是否会影响被唤起的正词，中性词和消极词的处理。健康参与者在执行词汇决策任务时记录了脑电图（EEG）。我们发现人格特质在N400（300-450毫秒）和LPC（450-800毫秒）时会影响情感词的识别。在早期（N400）阶段，参与者越外向和神经质，相对于中性词，正词的N400越减少。这表明在词汇特征检索过程中，性格外向的人和高度神经质的人（即高冲动性）识别出单词中的积极内容，这有助于这种检索。在后期（LPC）阶段，内向的人和高度神经质的人（即高度焦虑的人）对LPC的负面反应要比中性词大，这表明他们对负面信息的持续关注和精心处理。这些结果表明，外向性和神经质会以与格雷的人格生物心理学理论相一致的方式共同影响情感单词识别的不同阶段。高焦虑）显示的LPC否定词比中性词更大，表明他们持续关注并精心处理负面信息。这些结果表明，外向性和神经质会以与格雷的人格生物心理学理论相一致的方式共同影响情感单词识别的不同阶段。高焦虑）显示的LPC否定词比中性词更大，表明他们持续关注并精心处理负面信息。这些结果表明，外向性和神经质会以与格雷的人格生物心理学理论相一致的方式共同影响情感单词识别的不同阶段。