Currently, the definitive diagnosis in breast cancer requires biopsy and histopathology, such the most effective markers are tissue-based. However, the advantages of saliva in collection and storage make it possible for assessing human pathology and contributing to the development of cancer-related biomarkers for clinical application. The present study validated alteration of salivary protein glycopatterns recognized by Bandeiraea simplicifolia lectin I (BS-I) in the saliva of patients with breast diseases using saliva microarrays, and the N/O-glycan profiles of their salivary glycoproteins isolated by the BS-I-magnetic particle conjugates from 259 female subjects (66 healthy volunteers (HV), 65 benign breast cyst or tumor patients (BB), 66 patients with breast cancer in stage I (BC-I) and 62 patients with breast cancer in stage II (BC-II)) were analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS. The results showed that the expression level of galactosylated glycans recognized by BS-I was significantly increased in patients with breast cancer compared with HV (p < 0.05). Totally, there were 11/10, 10/19, 7/24 and 7/9 galactosylated N-/O-linked glycans were identified and annotated from the pooled salivary samples of HV, BB, BC-I and BC-II, respectively. One galactosylated N-glycan peak (m/z 2773.977), and 4 galactosylated O-glycan peaks (m/z 868.295, 882.243, 884.270 and 1030.348) were found only in BC-I. These findings could provide pivotal information on galactosylated N/O-linked glycans related to breast cancer, and promote the study of biomarkers for early-stage breast cancer based on precise alterations of galactosylated N/O-glycans in saliva.

中文翻译：

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Bandeiraea Simplicifolia Lectin I 识别乳腺癌患者唾液中的异常半乳糖基化聚糖。

目前，乳腺癌的明确诊断需要活检和组织病理学，因此最有效的标志物是基于组织的。然而，唾液在收集和储存方面的优势使得评估人类病理学成为可能，并有助于开发用于临床应用的癌症相关生物标志物。本研究使用唾液微阵列验证了在患有乳腺疾病的患者唾液中被 Bandeiraea simplicifolia 凝集素 I (BS-I) 识别的唾液蛋白糖模式的改变，以及由 BS-I 分离的唾液糖蛋白的 N/O-聚糖谱-来自 259 名女性受试者（66 名健康志愿者 (HV)、65 名良性乳腺囊肿或肿瘤患者 (BB) 的磁性粒子偶联物，采用 MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS 分析了 66 例 I 期 (BC-I) 乳腺癌患者和 62 例 II 期 (BC-II) 乳腺癌患者。结果表明，与 HV 相比，乳腺癌患者 BS-I 识别的半乳糖基化聚糖的表达水平显着升高。p  < 0.05)。总共有 11/10、10/19、7/24 和 7/9 的半乳糖基化 N-/O-连接聚糖分别从 HV、BB、BC-I 和 BC-II 的汇集唾液样本中被鉴定和注释. 仅在 BC-I 中发现一个半乳糖基化 N-聚糖峰 (m/z 2773.977) 和 4 个半乳糖基化 O-聚糖峰 (m/z 868.295、882.243、884.270 和 1030.348)。这些发现可以提供与乳腺癌相关的半乳糖基化 N/O-连接聚糖的关键信息，并促进基于唾液中半乳糖基化 N/O-聚糖的精确改变的早期乳腺癌生物标志物的研究。