Carbamazepine is an antiepileptic drug with a narrow therapeutic index, which requires an efficient method for blood level monitoring. Finger-prick dried blood spot (DBS) collection is an alternative microsampling technique, which is less invasive than conventional venipuncture. Paper-based molecularly imprinted-interpenetrating polymer networks (MI-IPN) were developed as blood collection devices, which allowed for selective on-spot microextraction of carbamazepine from DBS. A hybrid of homogeneous polystyrene and silica gel polymer was synthesized and coated on a Whatman® Grade 1 filter paper. Proteins and other interferences in the blood samples were eliminated by using the MI-IPN collection devices, and the resulting DBS extracts were suitable for direct injection into the capillary electrophoretic instrument. The lower limit of quantitation of 4 μg/mL in capillary blood was achieved by the sweeping-micellar electrokinetic chromatography method using a KCl-containing matrix, which was sufficient for the therapeutic drug monitoring purposes. Method accuracies were in the range of 88.4 ± 4.5% to 94.5 ± 2.7% with RSD values ≤ 5.1%. The developed paper-based MI-IPN provided superior extraction efficiencies (92.2 ± 2.5%) in comparison with commercially available DBS collection cards, i.e., Whatman® 903 protein saver card (59.8 ± 2.8%) and GenCollect™ 2.0 card (47.2 ± 1.4%). The paper-based MI-IPN devices for DBS collection and on-spot extraction were characterized by simple fabrication, low costs, disposability, and reduction in sample preparation steps, and their further developments might open new perspectives in clinical applications, such as in therapeutic drug monitoring. Graphical abstract.

中文翻译：

---

纸基分子印迹互穿聚合物网络，用于现场采集和微量提取干血斑，用于卡马西平的毛细管电泳测定。

卡马西平是一种抗癫痫药，具有较窄的治疗指数，需要一种有效的血液水平监测方法。手指刺干的血斑（DBS）采集是一种替代性的微量采样技术，其侵入性比常规静脉穿刺术小。纸基分子印迹互穿聚合物网络（MI-IPN）被开发为采血设备，可从DBS选择性地现场提取卡马西平。合成了均相聚苯乙烯和硅胶聚合物的混合物，并涂布在1级滤纸上。使用MI-IPN收集设备可以消除血液样本中的蛋白质和其他干扰物，所得DBS提取物适合直接注入毛细管电泳仪中。毛细管血中4μg/ mL的定量下限是通过扫掠胶束电动色谱法，使用含KCl的基质实现的，这足以用于治疗药物监测。方法的准确度在88.4±4.5％至94.5±2.7％的范围内，RSD值≤5.1％。与市售DBS采集卡（如Whatman®903蛋白质保护卡（59.8±2.8％）和GenCollect™2.0卡（47.2±1.4））相比，开发的纸质MI-IPN具有更高的提取效率（92.2±2.5％）。 ％）。用于DBS收集和现场提取的纸质MI-IPN设备的特点是制造简单，成本低，可处理性好以及减少了样品制备步骤，它们的进一步发展可能会为临床应用打开新的视野，例如在治疗药物监控中。图形概要。