A complex and dynamic endomembrane system is a hallmark of eukaryotic cells and underpins the evolution of specialised cell types in multicellular organisms. Endomembrane system function critically depends on the ability of the cell to (1) define compartment and pathway identity, and (2) organise compartments and pathways dynamically in space and time. Eukaryotes possess a complex molecular machinery to control these processes, including small GTPases and their regulators, SNAREs, tethering factors, motor proteins, and cytoskeletal elements. Whereas many of the core components of the eukaryotic endomembrane system are broadly conserved, there have been substantial diversifications within different lineages, possibly reflecting lineage-specific requirements of endomembrane trafficking. This Review focusses on the spatio-temporal regulation of post-Golgi exocytic transport in plants. It highlights recent advances in our understanding of the elaborate network of pathways transporting different cargoes to different domains of the cell surface, and the molecular machinery underpinning them (with a focus on Rab GTPases, their interactors and the cytoskeleton). We primarily focus on transport in the context of growth, but also highlight how these pathways are co-opted during plant immunity responses and at the plant-pathogen interface.

中文翻译：

---

植物中后高尔基体胞外贩卖的时空控制。

复杂而动态的内膜系统是真核细胞的标志，是多细胞生物中特化细胞类型进化的基础。内膜系统功能关键取决于细胞 (1) 定义隔室和通路身份，以及 (2) 在空间和时间上动态组织隔室和通路的能力。真核生物拥有复杂的分子机制来控制这些过程，包括小 GTP 酶及其调节剂、圈套、束缚因子、运动蛋白和细胞骨架元件。尽管真核生物内膜系统的许多核心组成部分是广泛保守的，但不同谱系内却出现了实质性的多样化，这可能反映了内膜运输的谱系特定要求。本综述重点关注植物中高尔基体后胞外转运的时空调控。它突出了我们对将不同货物运输到细胞表面不同区域的精细通路网络的理解的最新进展，以及支撑它们的分子机制（重点是 Rab GTP 酶、它们的相互作用物和细胞骨架）。我们主要关注生长背景下的运输，但也强调了这些途径在植物免疫反应期间和植物病原体界面是如何被选择的。它们的相互作用物和细胞骨架）。我们主要关注生长背景下的运输，但也强调了这些途径在植物免疫反应期间和植物病原体界面是如何被选择的。它们的相互作用物和细胞骨架）。我们主要关注生长背景下的运输，但也强调了这些途径在植物免疫反应期间和植物病原体界面是如何被选择的。