In the spring of 2018, a 10-day field study was conducted in Colorado's Denver-Julesburg oil and natural gas production basin to improve information on well pad pneumatic controller (PC) populations and identify PCs with potential maintenance issues (MIs) causing excess emissions through a novel optical gas imaging (OGI) survey approach. A total of 500 natural gas emitting PCs servicing 102 wells (4.9 PCs/well) were surveyed at 31 facilities operated by seven different companies. The PCs were characterized by their designed operational function and applications, with 83% of the PC population identified as intermittent PCs (IPCs). An OGI inspection protocol was used to investigate emissions on 447 working PCs from this set. OGI detected continuous emissions from 11.3% of observed IPCs and these were classified as experiencing some level of MIs. OGI imaging modes was observed to have a significant effect on emission detectability with high sensitivity mode detection rates being approximately 2 times higher compared to auto mode. Fourteen snapshot emission measurements (not including actuations) were conducted on IPCs in this category using a high-volume sampling device with augmented quality assurance procedures with observed emissions rates ranging from 0.1 up to 31.3 scf/hr (mean = 2.8 scf/hr). For PCs with continuous depressurization type (CPC), 36.8% had continuous emissions observed by OGI. Four supporting emission measurements were conducted on CPCs with one unit exceeding the low bleed regulatory emission threshold with an emission rate of 9.9 scf/hr (mean = 4.2 scf/hr). Additional information was collected on PC actuation events, as observed with OGI, which showed a strong correlation between observed actuation events and facility production compared to observed continuous emissions caused by MIs which did not correlate with facility production.

中文翻译：

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使用光学气体成像了解丹佛-祖尔斯堡盆地的油气气动控制器。

2018年春季，在科罗拉多州的丹佛-祖尔斯堡石油和天然气生产盆地进行了为期10天的现场研究，以改善有关井垫气动控制器（PC）数量的信息，并确定存在潜在维护问题（MI）并导致排放超标的PC通过一种新颖的光学气体成像（OGI）调查方法。在七家不同公司运营的31个设施中，共调查了500台天然气排放的PC，服务于102口井（每口4.9 PC）。PC的特点是其设计的操作功能和应用程序，其中83％的PC人口被确定为间歇性PC（IPC）。使用OGI检查协议来调查此组中447台工作PC上的排放。OGI从观察到的IPC中的11.3％检测到连续排放，这些被归类为经历了一定水平的MI。观察到OGI成像模式对放射物的可检测性有显着影响，与自动模式相比，高灵敏度模式的检测率大约高2倍。使用具有增强的质量保证程序的大容量采样设备对此类IPC进行了十四次快照排放测量（不包括促动），观测到的排放速率范围从0.1至31.3 scf / hr（平均= 2.8 scf / hr）。对于具有连续减压类型（CPC）的PC，OGI观察到36.8％具有连续排放。在CPC上进行了四次辅助排放测量，其中一个单位超出了低排放法规排放阈值，排放速率为9.9 scf / hr（平均= 4.2 scf / hr）。与OGI一起观察到的有关PC致动事件的其他信息也被收集，