Differential gene regulation in selected lines for high and low sperm production in male guppies.,Molecular Reproduction and Development

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Differential gene regulation in selected lines for high and low sperm production in male guppies.
Molecular Reproduction and Development ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-25 , DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23332
Silvia Cattelan ₁ , Michele Vidotto ₂ , Alessandro Devigili ₃ , Andrea Pilastro ₁ , Alessandro Grapputo ₁

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In species where females mate with more than one male during the same reproductive event, males typically increase the number of sperm produced to boost their fertilization share. Sperm is not limitless, however, and theory predicts that their production will come at the cost of other fitness-related traits, such as body growth or immunocompetence, although these evolutionary trade-offs are notoriously difficult to highlight. To this end, we combined artificial selection for sperm production with a transcriptome analysis using Poecilia reticulata, a fish characterized by intense sperm competition in which the number of sperm transferred during mating is the most important predictor of fertilization success, yet sperm production is highly variable among males. We compared the brain and testes transcriptome in male guppies of lines artificially selected for high and low sperm production by identifying pivotal differentially expressed gene sets that may regulate spermatogenesis and immune function in this species. Despite the small differences in single genes' expression, gene set enrichment analysis showed coordinated gene expression differences associated with several pathways differentially regulated in the two selection lines. High sperm production males showed an upregulation of pathways related to immunosuppression and development of spermatozoa indicating a possible immunological cost of sperm production.

中文翻译：

雄性孔雀鱼精子生产高低选择系的差异基因调控。

在同一繁殖事件中，雌性与多于一个雄性交配的物种中，雄性通常会增加产生的精子数量，以提高其受精率。然而，精子不是无限的，理论预测精子的产生将以其他与健身有关的特征为代价，例如身体生长或免疫能力，尽管众所周知，这些进化的权衡很难突出。为此，我们将人工选择精子生产与使用Poecilia reticulata进行转录组分析相结合，Poecilia reticulata是一种以激烈的精子竞争为特征的鱼，其中交配过程中转移的精子数量是受精成功的最重要预测指标，但精子生产变化很大在男性中。我们通过鉴定可能调节该物种精子发生和免疫功能的关键性差异表达基因集，比较了人工选择的雄性和幼虫的雄性孔雀鱼的大脑和睾丸转录组。尽管单个基因的表达差异很小，但基因集富集分析显示，与两条选择系中差异调控的几种途径相关的协调基因表达差异。精子产量高的男性表现出与免疫抑制和精子发育相关的途径的上调，表明精子生产的可能的免疫学成本。尽管单个基因的表达差异很小，但基因集富集分析显示，与两条选择系中差异调控的几种途径相关的协调基因表达差异。精子产量高的男性表现出与免疫抑制和精子发育相关的途径的上调，表明精子生产的可能的免疫学成本。尽管单个基因的表达差异很小，但基因集富集分析显示，与两条选择系中差异调控的几种途径相关的协调基因表达差异。精子产量高的男性显示出与免疫抑制和精子发育相关的途径的上调，表明精子生产的可能的免疫学成本。

更新日期：2020-02-25

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