PURPOSE OF REVIEW The speed of removal from the plasma of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins, for example, chylomicrons, VLDL and LDL is determinant of the plasma concentration of these lipoproteins, is influenced by genetic features and ambient factors, and has implications in atherogenesis. As aging increases the clinical complications of atherosclerosis, it is important to appraise the status of the removal mechanisms in elderly individuals. RECENT FINDINGS Removal of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins remnants is delayed but the triglyceride breakdown is unchanged in elderly individuals. The discovery of PCSK9, enzyme that degrades LDL receptors, and the recent observation that PCSK9 is elevated in the elderly raises another hypothesis to account for the increased LDL-cholesterol levels in the elderly. The removal of cholesterol from cells by HDL, the first step of cholesterol reverse transport is also less efficient in the elderly, which may compromise the body cholesterol homeostasis. SUMMARY Aging determines reduction of the efficiency of lipoprotein plasma removal mechanisms, which is implicated in increased incidence of cardia complications. Moreover, aging is frequently accompanied by physical activity reduction, weight gain, and metabolic disturbances that can further decrease the efficacy of the removal mechanisms. This knowledge is important for promoting cardiovascular health in the elderly and prolonging survival.

中文翻译：

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脂蛋白去除机制和衰老：对老年人心血管健康的影响。

审查的目的从血浆中去除含载脂蛋白B的脂蛋白（例如乳糜微粒，VLDL和LDL）的速度决定了这些脂蛋白的血浆浓度，受遗传特征和环境因素影响，并且对动脉粥样硬化有影响。随着衰老增加动脉粥样硬化的临床并发症，重要的是评估老年人的清除机制的状态。最近的调查结果是，老年人中富含甘油三酸酯的脂蛋白残留物的清除被延迟，但是甘油三酸酯的分解没有改变。PCSK9（一种降解LDL受体的酶）的发现以及最近PCSK9在老年人中升高的观察结果提出了另一个假说，以解释老年人中LDL-胆固醇水平的升高。通过HDL从细胞中去除胆固醇（胆固醇反向转运的第一步）在老年人中效率也较低，这可能会损害体内胆固醇的体内平衡。发明内容老化确定降低脂蛋白血浆去除机制的效率，这与which门并发症的发生率增加有关。此外，衰老经常伴随着体育活动的减少，体重增加和代谢紊乱，这些可进一步降低去除机制的功效。这些知识对于促进老年人的心血管健康和延长生存期非常重要。发明内容老化确定降低脂蛋白血浆去除机制的效率，这与which门并发症的发生率增加有关。此外，衰老通常伴随着体育活动的减少，体重增加和代谢紊乱，这些可进一步降低去除机制的功效。这些知识对于促进老年人的心血管健康和延长生存期非常重要。发明内容老化确定降低脂蛋白血浆去除机制的效率，这与which门并发症的发生率增加有关。此外，衰老通常伴随着体育活动的减少，体重增加和代谢紊乱，这些可进一步降低去除机制的功效。这些知识对于促进老年人的心血管健康和延长生存期非常重要。