This study aims to reduce radon gas emanations in the indoor environment by incorporating kenaf and oil palm nanocellulose that act as nano-fillers into building materials. Fabrication of composite brick was carried out according to the MS and ASTM standards. In this research, 40, 80, 120, 160 and 200 ml of nanocellulose were used to replace the usage of sand, stone and cement materials, respectively. Kenaf and oil palm nanocellulose were utilised to reduce the internal and surface porosity as well as to replace the radon resources (stone), which indirectly reduced radon gas emanation. Radon gas emanated from each composite brick was measured within 10 consecutive days in an airtight prototype Perspex room using Radon Monitor Sentinel 1030. A compression test was also carried out to investigate the physical strength of the fabricated composite bricks. The results showed that 40 ml of kenaf and oil palm nanocellulose was the optimum amount in reducing the radon concentration, where the radon readings were 1.4 and 0.93 pCi per l, respectively. Meanwhile, the brick with no nanocellulose exhibited the highest radon reading of 3.77 pCi per l. Moreover, the Young modulus for the composite brick of both kenaf and oil palm nanocellulose was 28.92 and 27.8 N per mm2 compared to the control brick, which was 27 N per mm2. The results proved that radon gas emanations were reduced by 62.86% for kenaf and 75.3% for oil palm by incorporating the organic nanocellulose, which has high potential towards a healthy indoor environment.

中文翻译：

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在建筑材料中加入红麻和油棕纳米纤维素以减少室内氡气排放。

本研究旨在通过将作为纳米填料的洋麻和油棕纳米纤维素掺入建筑材料中来减少室内环境中的氡气排放。复合砖的制造是根据 MS 和 ASTM 标准进行的。在本研究中，分别使用40、80、120、160和200毫升的纳米纤维素代替了沙子、石头和水泥材料的使用。红麻和油棕纳米纤维素被用来减少内部和表面的孔隙率以及替代氡资源（石头），从而间接减少氡气的散发。使用 Radon Monitor Sentinel 1030 在密闭的有机玻璃原型室中连续 10 天内测量从每个复合砖中散发出的氡气。还进行了压缩试验以研究制成的复合砖的物理强度。结果表明，40 ml 洋麻和油棕纳米纤维素是降低氡浓度的最佳用量，其中氡读数分别为 1.4 和 0.93 pCi/l。同时，不含纳米纤维素的砖表现出最高的氡读数，为每升 3.77 pCi。此外，红麻和油棕纳米纤维素复合砖的杨氏模量分别为 28.92 和 27.8 N/mm2，而对照砖为 27 N/mm2。结果证明，通过加入有机纳米纤维素，红麻和油棕的氡气排放减少了 62.86%，油棕减少了 75.3%，这对健康的室内环境具有很大潜力。结果表明，40 ml 洋麻和油棕纳米纤维素是降低氡浓度的最佳用量，其中氡读数分别为 1.4 和 0.93 pCi/l。同时，不含纳米纤维素的砖表现出最高的氡读数，为每升 3.77 pCi。此外，红麻和油棕纳米纤维素复合砖的杨氏模量分别为 28.92 和 27.8 N/mm2，而对照砖为 27 N/mm2。结果证明，通过加入有机纳米纤维素，红麻和油棕的氡气排放减少了 62.86%，油棕减少了 75.3%，这对健康的室内环境具有很大潜力。结果表明，40 ml 洋麻和油棕纳米纤维素是降低氡浓度的最佳用量，其中氡读数分别为 1.4 和 0.93 pCi/l。同时，不含纳米纤维素的砖表现出最高的氡读数，为每升 3.77 pCi。此外，红麻和油棕纳米纤维素复合砖的杨氏模量分别为 28.92 和 27.8 N/mm2，而对照砖为 27 N/mm2。结果证明，通过加入有机纳米纤维素，红麻和油棕的氡气排放减少了 62.86%，油棕减少了 75.3%，这对健康的室内环境具有很大潜力。不含纳米纤维素的砖表现出最高的氡读数，为每升 3.77 pCi。此外，红麻和油棕纳米纤维素复合砖的杨氏模量分别为 28.92 和 27.8 N/mm2，而对照砖为 27 N/mm2。结果证明，通过加入有机纳米纤维素，红麻和油棕的氡气排放减少了 62.86%，油棕减少了 75.3%，这对健康的室内环境具有很大潜力。不含纳米纤维素的砖表现出最高的氡读数，为每升 3.77 pCi。此外，红麻和油棕纳米纤维素复合砖的杨氏模量分别为 28.92 和 27.8 N/mm2，而对照砖为 27 N/mm2。结果证明，通过加入有机纳米纤维素，红麻和油棕的氡气排放减少了 62.86%，油棕减少了 75.3%，这对健康的室内环境具有很大潜力。