Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability. It is a complex and largely heterogeneous condition. Prognosis for variations in impairment and recovery following stroke continues to be challenging and inaccurate, highlighting the need to examine the influence of other currently unknown variables to better predict and understand interindividual differences in stroke impairment and recovery. The concept of “cognitive reserve,” a feature of brain function said to moderate the relationship between brain pathology and clinical outcomes, might provide a partial explanation. This review discusses the potential significance of cognitive reserve in the context of stroke, with reference to reduced burden of disability poststroke, health promotion, intervention and secondary prevention of cognitive impairment, ease and challenges of translation into clinical practice, prognosis and prediction of recovery, and clinical decisions and trial stratification. Discussions from the review aim to encourage stroke clinicians and researchers to better consider the role of premorbid, lifestyle-related variables, such as cognitive reserve, in facilitating successful neurological outcomes and recovery following stroke.

中文翻译：

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认知储备作为中风康复的新兴概念

中风是导致死亡和残疾的主要原因。这是一种复杂且很大程度上异质的情况。中风后损伤和恢复变化的预测仍然具有挑战性和不准确，突出了检查其他目前未知变量的影响以更好地预测和理解中风损伤和恢复的个体差异的必要性。“认知储备”的概念是大脑功能的一个特征，据说可以调节大脑病理学和临床结果之间的关系，可能会提供部分解释。本综述讨论了认知储备在卒中背景下的潜在意义，参考了卒中后残疾负担的减轻、健康促进、干预和认知障碍的二级预防，转化为临床实践、预后和恢复预测以及临床决策和试验分层的难易和挑战。该评价的讨论旨在鼓励中风临床医生和研究人员更好地考虑发病前的、生活方式相关的变量，如认知储备，在促进成功的神经学结果和中风后恢复方面的作用。