Interferon tau (IFNT), the pregnancy recognition signal secreted from trophectoderm cells of ruminant conceptuses abrogates the uterine luteolytic mechanism to ensure maintenance of functional corpora lutea for production of progesterone (P4). Importantly, IFNT, in concert with P4, also induces expression of genes in uterine luminal (LE) and superficial glandular (sGE) epithelia for transport and/or secretion of histotroph into the uterine lumen to support growth and development of the conceptus. For example, IFNT and P4 induce transporters responsible foer transport of glucose and arginine into the uterine lumen during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy. Arginine activates the mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR) nutrient sensing cell signaling pathway to stimulate proliferation, migration, differentiation and translation of mRNAs essential for growth and development of the conceptus. Glucose not utilized by the conceptus is converted to fructose and those two hexose sugars are metabolized via aerobic glycolysis to produce metabolites used in the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway, pathways for one-carbon metabolism, and pentose phosphate pathway for synthesis of ribose sugars and NADPH. Arginine is metabolized to nitric oxide (NO) that stimulates angiogenesis in uterine and placental tissues, and to polyamines required for many cellular functions critical for growth and development of the conceptus. In summary, IFNT and P4 regulate expression of genes for transport of select nutrients into the pregnant uterus during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy. Those nutrients are then metabolized via multiple metabolic pathways to not only provide ATP, but also substrates for synthesis of nucleotides, amino acids, co-factors required for growth, development, and survival of conceptuses during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy.

中文翻译：

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干扰素 tau：对胎儿生长发育的影响

干扰素 tau (IFNT) 是反刍动物受孕的滋养外胚层细胞分泌的妊娠识别信号，它消除了子宫黄体溶解机制，以确保维持功能性黄体以产生黄体酮 (P4)。重要的是，IFNτ 与 P4 协同作用，还诱导子宫腔 (LE) 和浅表腺 (sGE) 上皮细胞中基因的表达，以便将组织营养物质运输和/或分泌到子宫腔中，以支持胎体的生长和发育。例如，IFNτ 和 P4 诱导转运蛋白负责在妊娠围着床期间将葡萄糖和精氨酸转运到子宫腔中。精氨酸激活雷帕霉素 (MTOR) 营养传感细胞信号通路的机制靶点以刺激增殖、迁移、mRNA 的分化和翻译对胎体的生长和发育至关重要。未由受孕者利用的葡萄糖转化为果糖，这两种己糖通过有氧糖酵解代谢，产生用于己糖胺生物合成途径、一碳代谢途径和戊糖磷酸途径的代谢物，用于合成核糖和 NADPH。精氨酸代谢为一氧化氮 (NO)，刺激子宫和胎盘组织中的血管生成，并代谢为对胎儿生长和发育至关重要的许多细胞功能所需的多胺。总之，IFNτ 和 P4 调节基因的表达，以便在怀孕的围着床期间将选择的营养物质输送到怀孕的子宫中。