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Epidemiology of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus in cucurbit crops in a remote tropical environment.
Virus Research ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-19 , DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.197897
Rebecca Clarke 1 , Craig G Webster 2 , Monica A Kehoe 2 , Brenda A Coutts 2 , Sonya Broughton 2 , Mark Warmington 3 , Roger A C Jones 4
Affiliation  

In the remote Ord River Irrigation Area (ORIA) in tropical northwest Australia, severe Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) epidemics threaten dry season (April-October) cucurbit crops. In 2016-2017, wet season (November-March) sampling studies found a low incidence ZYMV infection in wild Cucumis melo and Citrullus lanatus var. citroides plants, and both volunteer and garden crop cucurbits. Such infections enable its persistence in the wet season, and act as reservoirs for its spread to commercial cucurbit crops during the dry season. Tests on 1,019 samples belonging to 55 species from 23 non-cucurbitaceous plant families failed to detect ZYMV. It was also absent from wild cucurbit weeds within sandalwood plantations. The transmission efficiencies of a local isolate by five aphid species found in the ORIA were: 10% (Aphis craccivora), 7% (A. gossypii), 4% (A. nerii), and 0% (Rhopalosiphum maidis and Hysteroneura setariae). In 2016-2017, in all-year-round trapping at five representative sites, numbers of winged aphids caught were greatest in July-August (i.e. mid growing season) but varied widely between trap sites reflecting local aphid host abundance and year. Apart from one localised exception in 2017, flying aphid numbers caught and ZYMV spread in data collection blocks during 2015-2017 resembled what occurred commercial cucurbit crops. When ZYMV spread from external infection sources into melon blocks, its predominant spread pattern consisted of 1-2 plant infection foci often occurring at their margins. In addition, when plants of 29 cucurbit cultivars were inoculated with an ORIA isolate and two other ZYMV isolates and the phenotypes elicited were compared, they resembled each other in overall virulence. However, depending upon isolate-cultivar combination differences in symptom expression and severity occurred, and one isolate caused a systemic hypersensitive phenotype in honeydew melon cvs Estilo and Whitehaven. When the new genomic RNA sequences of 19 Australian isolates were analysed, all seven ORIA isolates fitted within ZYMV phylogroup B, which also included two from southwest Australia, whereas the remaining 10 isolates were all within minor phylogroups A-I or A-II. Based on previous research and additional knowledge of ZYMV epidemic drivers established here, an integrated disease management strategy targeting ZYMV spread was devised for the ORIA's cucurbit industry.

中文翻译:

西葫芦黄色花叶病毒在偏远热带环境下葫芦作物中的流行病学。

在澳大利亚西北部热带偏远的奥德河灌区(ORIA),严重的西葫芦黄色花叶病毒(ZYMV)流行病威胁旱季(4月至10月)的葫芦科作物。在2016-2017年的雨季(11月至3月)采样研究中,野生黄瓜和瓜(Citrullus lanatus var)的ZYMV感染率较低。瓜类植物,以及志愿和园艺作物葫芦科植物。这种感染使其能够在潮湿季节持续存在,并在干旱季节传播到商品葫芦类作物上,充当着储存库的角色。对来自23个非葫芦科植物科的55个物种的1,019个样品进行的测试未能检测到ZYMV。檀香人工林中的野生葫芦杂草也没有这种植物。在ORIA中发现的5种蚜虫对本地分离株的传播效率为:10%(Aphis craccivora),7%(A. 棉铃虫),4%(A. nerii)和0%(Rhopalosiphum maidis和Hysteroneura setariae)。在2016-2017年,在五个代表性地点进行的全年诱捕中,在7月至8月(即生长中期)捕获的带翅蚜虫数量最多,但反映当地蚜虫寄主数量和年份的诱捕地点之间差异很大。除了2017年的一个局部例外情况外,2015-2017年期间捕获的蚜虫数量和ZYMV在数据收集区的传播情况与商业葫芦类作物相似。当ZYMV从外部感染源传播到甜瓜块时,其主要传播方式是由1-2个植物感染灶组成,通常发生在其边缘。此外,在将29个葫芦科植物的植物分别接种ORIA分离株和另外两个ZYMV分离株并比较其表型时,他们的整体毒力相似。然而,取决于分离物-品种的组合,在症状表达和严重性上发生差异,并且一种分离物在蜜瓜Estilo和Whitehaven中引起系统性超敏表型。当分析了19个澳大利亚分离株的新基因组RNA序列时,所有7个ORIA分离株都安装在ZYMV phylo B组中,其中还包括来自澳大利亚西南部的2个,而其余10个分离株都在次要phylogroup AI或A-II中。基于以前的研究和此处建立的ZYMV流行病驱动程序的其他知识,针对ORIA的葫芦行业设计了针对ZYMV传播的综合疾病管理策略。取决于分离物-品种的组合,在症状表达和严重程度方面存在差异,并且一种分离物在蜜瓜Estilo和Whitehaven中引起系统性超敏表型。当分析了19个澳大利亚分离株的新基因组RNA序列时,所有7个ORIA分离株都安装在ZYMV phylo B组中,其中还包括来自澳大利亚西南部的2个,而其余10个分离株都在次要phylogroup AI或A-II中。基于以前的研究和此处建立的ZYMV流行病驱动程序的其他知识,针对ORIA葫芦丝行业设计了针对ZYMV传播的综合疾病管理策略。取决于分离物-品种的组合,在症状表达和严重程度上存在差异,并且一种分离物在蜜瓜Estilo和Whitehaven中引起系统性超敏表型。当分析了19个澳大利亚分离株的新基因组RNA序列时,所有7个ORIA分离株都安装在ZYMV phylo B组中,其中还包括来自澳大利亚西南部的2个,而其余10个分离株都在次要phylogroup AI或A-II中。基于以前的研究和此处建立的ZYMV流行病驱动程序的其他知识,针对ORIA葫芦行业设计了针对ZYMV传播的综合疾病管理策略。当分析了19个澳大利亚分离株的新基因组RNA序列时,所有7个ORIA分离株都安装在ZYMV phylo B组中,其中还包括来自澳大利亚西南部的2个,而其余10个分离株都在次要phylogroup AI或A-II中。基于以前的研究和此处建立的ZYMV流行病驱动程序的其他知识,针对ORIA的葫芦行业设计了针对ZYMV传播的综合疾病管理策略。当分析了19个澳大利亚分离株的新基因组RNA序列时,所有7个ORIA分离株都安装在ZYMV phylo B组中,其中还包括来自澳大利亚西南部的2个,而其余10个分离株都在次要phylogroup AI或A-II中。基于以前的研究和此处建立的ZYMV流行病驱动程序的其他知识,针对ORIA的葫芦行业设计了针对ZYMV传播的综合疾病管理策略。
更新日期:2020-03-27
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