Lakes and impoundments are important sources of greenhouse gases (GHG: i.e., CO₂, CH₄, N₂O), yet global emission estimates are based on regionally biased averages and elementary upscaling. We assembled the largest global dataset to date on emission rates of all three GHGs and found they covary with lake size and trophic state. Fitted models were upscaled to estimate global emission using global lake size inventories and a remotely sensed global lake productivity distribution. Traditional upscaling approaches overestimated CO₂ and N₂O emission but underestimated CH₄ by half. Our upscaled size‐productivity weighted estimates (1.25–2.30 Pg of CO₂‐equivalents annually) are nearly 20% of global CO₂ fossil fuel emission with ∼ 75% of the climate impact due to CH₄. Moderate global increases in eutrophication could translate to 5–40% increases in the GHG effects in the atmosphere, adding the equivalent effect of another 13% of fossil fuel combustion or an effect equal to GHG emissions from current land use change.

中文翻译：

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湖泊和蓄水所产生的温室气体排放量：面对全球变化，排放量增加。

湖泊和蓄水库是重要的温室气体排放源（GHG：即CO ₂，CH ₄，N ₂ O），但全球排放量的估算是基于区域偏向平均值和基本上规模。我们针对这三种温室气体的排放率组装了迄今为止最大的全球数据集，发现它们与湖泊的大小和营养状态有关。使用全球湖泊规模清单和遥感的全球湖泊生产力分布，对拟合模型进行了升级，以估算全球排放量。传统的升级方法高估了CO ₂和N ₂ O的排放量，但低估了CH ₄的一半。我们对规模生产生产率的加权估计（1.25-2.30 Pg CO ₂（每年等效）约占全球CO ₂化石燃料排放量的20％，而由于CH ₄造成的气候影响约占75％。全球范围内富营养化的温和增长可能意味着大气中温室气体的影响增加了5-40％，增加了相当于13％的化石燃料燃烧的影响，或者等同于当前土地利用变化带来的温室气体排放。