Lakes and impoundments are important sources of greenhouse gases (GHG: i.e., CO₂, CH₄, N₂O), yet global emission estimates are based on regionally biased averages and elementary upscaling. We assembled the largest global dataset to date on emission rates of all three GHGs and found they covary with lake size and trophic state. Fitted models were upscaled to estimate global emission using global lake size inventories and a remotely sensed global lake productivity distribution. Traditional upscaling approaches overestimated CO₂ and N₂O emission but underestimated CH₄ by half. Our upscaled size‐productivity weighted estimates (1.25–2.30 Pg of CO₂‐equivalents annually) are nearly 20% of global CO₂ fossil fuel emission with ∼ 75% of the climate impact due to CH₄. Moderate global increases in eutrophication could translate to 5–40% increases in the GHG effects in the atmosphere, adding the equivalent effect of another 13% of fossil fuel combustion or an effect equal to GHG emissions from current land use change.

中文翻译：

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湖泊和蓄水池的温室气体排放：面对全球变化的升级。


湖泊和蓄水池是温室气体（GHG：即CO ₂ 、CH ₄ 、N ₂ O）的重要来源，但全球排放估算是基于区域偏差平均值和基本升级。我们收集了迄今为止关于所有三种温室气体排放率的最大全球数据集，发现它们与湖泊大小和营养状态相关。使用全球湖泊规模清单和遥感的全球湖泊生产力分布，对拟合模型进行了升级，以估计全球排放量。传统的升级方法高估了 CO ₂和 N ₂ O 排放量，但低估了一半的 CH ₄排放量。我们扩大规模生产率加权估计（每年 1.25–2.30 Pg CO ₂当量）占全球 CO ₂化石燃料排放量的近 20%，约 75% 的气候影响由 CH ₄造成。全球富营养化的适度增加可能会导致大气中温室气体效应增加 5-40%，相当于另外 13% 化石燃料燃烧的影响或相当于当前土地利用变化造成的温室气体排放的影响。