In February 2015, we conducted a field study of causes of mortality of northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) pups on San Miguel Island, California. Autopsies were performed on 18 freshly dead pups. Ages of pups ranged from stillborn to 6-8 wk. Gross and histologic lesions included trauma (9 of 18 pups), multifocal necrotizing myopathy (8 of 18), starvation with emaciation (7 of 18), congenital anomalies (3 of 18), bacterial infections (3 of 18), and perinatal mortality (stillbirths and neonates; 2 of 18). Trauma and emaciation or starvation were the most significant contributors to death. Bacterial infections included hemolytic Escherichia coli isolated from the lungs of 2 pups with pneumonia. Additionally, non-hemolytic Streptococcus sp. and hemolytic E. coli were isolated from the liver of an emaciated pup that had mild multifocal suppurative hepatitis. Other lesions, including a previously described necrotizing myopathy, congenital anomalies, and bacterial infections, were detected concurrently in cases with starvation and/or emaciation or trauma.

中文翻译：

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加利福尼亚圣米格尔岛北部象海豹幼崽的死亡原因。

2015年2月，我们对加利福尼亚州圣米格尔岛的北象海豹（Mirounga angustirostris）幼崽的死亡原因进行了现场调查。对18只刚死亡的幼仔进行尸检。幼仔的年龄范围从死胎到6-8周。肉眼和组织学病变包括外伤（18例中的9例），多灶性坏死性肌病（18例中的8例），饥饿伴消瘦（18例中的7例），先天性异常（18例中的3例），细菌感染（18例中的3例）和围产期死亡率（死产和新生儿； 18个中的2个）。创伤和消瘦或饥饿是造成死亡的最重要因素。细菌感染包括溶血的大肠杆菌，该大肠杆菌是从2只幼犬的肺炎肺中分离出来的。另外，非溶血性链球菌sp。和溶血E. 从患有轻度多灶性化脓性肝炎的瘦弱幼崽的肝脏中分离出大肠埃希菌。在饥饿和/或消瘦或外伤的病例中，同时发现了其他病变，包括先前描述的坏死性肌病，先天性异常和细菌感染。