California horn sharks (Heterodontus francisci) are nocturnally active, non-obligate ram ventilating sharks in rocky reef habitats that play an important ecological role in regulating invertebrate communities. We predicted horn sharks would use an area restricted search (ARS) movement strategy to locate dense resource patches while minimizing energetic costs of travel and nighttime activity. As ectotherms, we predicted environmental temperature would play a significant role in driving movement and activity patterns. Continuous active acoustic tracking methods and acceleration data loggers were used to quantify the diel fine-scale spatial movements and activity patterns of horn sharks. First passage time was used to identify the scale and locations of patches indicative of ARS. Activity was assessed using overall dynamic body acceleration (ODBA) as a proxy for energy expenditure. Behavior within a patch was characterized into three activity patterns: resting, episodic burst activity, and moderate, consistent activity. After resting in daytime shelters, individuals travelled to multiple reefs throughout the night, traversing through depths of 2–112 m and temperatures of 10.0–23.8 °C. All sharks exhibited area restricted search patch use and arrived at their first patch approximately 3.4 ± 2.2 h (mean ± SD) after sunset. Sharks exhibited moderate, consistent activity in 54% of the patches used, episodic burst activity in 33%, and few (13%) were identified as resting at night. ODBA peaked while sharks were swimming through relatively deeper (~ 30 m), colder channels when traversing from one patch to the next. There was no consistent pattern between ODBA and temperature. We provide one of the largest fine-scale, high-resolution paired data sets for an elasmobranch movement ecology study. Horn sharks exhibited ARS movement patterns for various activity patterns. Individuals likely travel to reefs known to have profitable and predictable patches, potentially tolerating less suitable environmental temperatures. We demonstrate how gathering high-resolution information on the movement decisions of a community resident enhances knowledge of community structure and overall ecosystem function.

中文翻译：

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主动声学遥测跟踪和三轴加速度计揭示了非强制冲压呼吸机的精细运动策略。

加利福尼亚角鲨 (Heterodontus francisci) 是在岩石礁栖息地中夜间活动的非专性通风鲨鱼，在调节无脊椎动物群落方面发挥着重要的生态作用。我们预测角鲨将使用区域限制搜索 (ARS) 移动策略来定位密集的资源斑块，同时最大限度地减少旅行和夜间活动的能源成本。作为等温线，我们预测环境温度将在驱动运动和活动模式中发挥重要作用。连续主动声学跟踪方法和加速度数据记录器用于量化角鲨的精细空间运动和活动模式。第一次通过时间用于确定指示 ARS 的斑块的规模和位置。使用整体动态身体加速度 (ODBA) 作为能量消耗的代表来评估活动。补丁内的行为被表征为三种活动模式：休息、间歇性突发活动和适度、一致的活动。在白天的避难所休息后，人们整夜前往多个珊瑚礁，穿越 2-112 m 的深度和 10.0-23.8°C 的温度。所有鲨鱼都展示了区域受限的搜索补丁使用，并在日落后大约 3.4 ± 2.2 小时（平均值 ± SD）到达它们的第一个补丁。鲨鱼在 54% 使用的贴片中表现出适度、一致的活动，33% 的鲨鱼表现出间歇性爆发活动，并且很少 (13%) 被确定为夜间休息。ODBA 在鲨鱼游过相对较深（~ 30 m）、较冷的通道时达到峰值，当从一个补丁穿越到下一个补丁时。ODBA 和温度之间没有一致的模式。我们为 elasmobranch 运动生态学研究提供最大的精细、高分辨率配对数据集之一。角鲨展示了各种活动模式的 ARS 运动模式。个人可能会前往已知有有利可图和可预测的斑块的珊瑚礁，可能会容忍不太合适的环境温度。我们展示了收集有关社区居民移动决策的高分辨率信息如何增强对社区结构和整体生态系统功能的了解。个人可能会前往已知有有利可图和可预测的斑块的珊瑚礁，可能会容忍不太合适的环境温度。我们展示了收集有关社区居民移动决策的高分辨率信息如何增强对社区结构和整体生态系统功能的了解。个人可能会前往已知有有利可图和可预测的斑块的珊瑚礁，可能会容忍不太合适的环境温度。我们展示了收集有关社区居民移动决策的高分辨率信息如何增强对社区结构和整体生态系统功能的了解。