Toll-like receptors in mediating pathogenesis in systemic sclerosis.,Clinical & Experimental Immunology

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Toll-like receptors in mediating pathogenesis in systemic sclerosis.
Clinical & Experimental Immunology ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-11 , DOI: 10.1111/cei.13426
L Frasca ₁ , R Lande ₁

Affiliation

Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are evolutionarily conserved receptors essential for the host defence against pathogens. Both immune and non‐immune cells can express TLRs, although at different levels. Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic disease in which autoimmunity, dysregulated profibrotic mediator release and activation of fibroblasts lead to dysregulated collagen deposition and fibrosis. There is now increasing knowledge that the innate immune system and, in particular, TLRs take a part in SSc pathogenesis. The list of endogenous ligands that can stimulate TLRs in SSc is growing: these ligands represent specific danger‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), involved either in the initiation or the perpetuation of inflammation, and in the release of factors that sustain the fibrotic process or directly stimulate the cells that produce collagen and the endothelial cells. This review reports evidences concerning TLR signalling involvement in SSc. We report the new DAMPs, as well as the TLR‐linked pathways involved in disease, with emphasis on type I interferon signature in SSc, the role of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and platelets. The dissection of the contribution of all these pathways to disease, and their correlation with the disease status, as well as their values as prognostic tools, can help to plan timely intervention and design new drugs for more appropriate therapeutic strategies.

中文翻译：

Toll样受体介导系统性硬化的发病机理。

Toll样受体（TLRs）是进化保守的受体，对于宿主抵抗病原体具有至关重要的作用。免疫细胞和非免疫细胞均可表达TLR，尽管水平不同。系统性硬化症（SSc）是一种慢性疾病，其中自身免疫性，纤维化原纤维介质的释放失调和成纤维细胞活化导致胶原沉积和纤维化失调。现在越来越多的知识是先天免疫系统，尤其是TLR参与SSc的发病机理。可以刺激SSc中TLR的内源性配体的列表在不断增加：这些配体代表了特定的危险相关分子模式（DAMP），参与了炎症的发生或持久化，并释放维持纤维化过程或直接刺激产生胶原蛋白的细胞和内皮细胞的因子。该评价报告了有关TLR信号参与SSc的证据。我们报告了新的DAMPs，以及与疾病有关的TLR相关途径，重点是SSc中的I型干扰素签名，浆细胞样树突状细胞（pDCs）和血小板的作用。剖析所有这些途径对疾病的贡献，它们与疾病状况的相关性以及它们作为预后工具的价值，可以帮助计划及时的干预措施，并为更合适的治疗策略设计新药。以及与疾病相关的TLR相关途径，重点是SSc中的I型干扰素签名，浆细胞样树突状细胞（pDC）和血小板的作用。剖析所有这些途径对疾病的贡献及其与疾病状态的相关性以及它们作为预后工具的价值，可以帮助计划及时的干预措施并设计用于更合适治疗策略的新药。以及与疾病相关的TLR相关途径，重点是SSc中的I型干扰素签名，浆细胞样树突状细胞（pDC）和血小板的作用。剖析所有这些途径对疾病的贡献，它们与疾病状况的相关性以及它们作为预后工具的价值，可以帮助计划及时的干预措施，并为更合适的治疗策略设计新药。

更新日期：2020-02-11

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