BACKGROUND The prevalence of overweight is increasing worldwide in children. Multi-component interventions incorporating diet, physical activity, and behavioural change have been shown to reduce body mass index (BMI). Whilst many children have their own smartphone, the clinical effects of using smartphone applications (apps) for overweight are unknown. This systematic review aims to ascertain the effects of mHealth apps in children with overweight. METHODS We will include randomised clinical trials irrespective of publication type, year, status, or language. Children between 0 and 18 years with overweight will be included. We will compare apps targeting overweight versus sham app, no app, or usual intervention. No distinction about operative system will be considered (i.e. Android, iOS, and Window Mobile will be included). The following databases will be searched: The Cochrane Library, Excerpta Medica database (Embase), PsycINFO, PubMed, IEEE Explore, Web of Science, CINAHL, and LILACS. Primary outcomes will be body weight, quality of life, and serious adverse event. Secondary outcomes will be self-efficacy, anxiety, depression, and adverse event not considered serious. Trial inclusion, data extraction, and bias risk assessment will be conducted independently by at least two authors. We will assess risk of bias through eight domains and control risks of random errors with Trial Sequential Analysis. The quality of the evidence will be assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation Tool (GRADE). DISCUSSION We will provide evidence of the beneficial and harmful effects of smartphone apps for children with overweight and highlight any gaps in the evidence in order to shape future potential interventions. By only including randomised clinical trials, we know that we bias our review towards benefits. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42019120210.

中文翻译：

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针对超重儿童的健康应用程序 - 通过随机临床试验的荟萃分析和试验序贯分析进行系统审查的协议。


背景技术世界范围内儿童超重的患病率正在增加。结合饮食、体力活动和行为改变的多成分干预已被证明可以降低体重指数 (BMI)。虽然许多儿童拥有自己的智能手机，但使用智能手机应用程序（应用程序）治疗超重的临床效果尚不清楚。本系统综述旨在确定移动医疗应用程序对超重儿童的影响。方法 我们将纳入随机临床试验，无论出版物类型、年份、状态或语言如何。 0 至 18 岁之间超重的儿童也将包括在内。我们将比较针对超重的应用程序与假应用程序、无应用程序或常规干预。不考虑操作系统的区别（即包括Android、iOS 和Window Mobile）。将检索以下数据库：Cochrane Library、Excerpta Medica 数据库 (Embase)、PsycINFO、PubMed、IEEE Explore、Web of Science、CINAHL 和 LILACS。主要结果是体重、生活质量和严重不良事件。次要结果是自我效能、焦虑、抑郁和不严重的不良事件。试验纳入、数据提取和偏倚风险评估将由至少两名作者独立进行。我们将通过八个领域评估偏倚风险，并通过试验序贯分析控制随机错误的风险。将使用建议评估、制定和评估工具分级 (GRADE) 来评估证据的质量。讨论 我们将提供智能手机应用程序对超重儿童有益和有害影响的证据，并强调证据中的任何差距，以便制定未来的潜在干预措施。 通过仅纳入随机临床试验，我们知道我们的审查偏向于益处。系统审查注册 PROSPERO CRD42019120210。