A high fat diet (HFD) is considered to be a risk factor for the development of dementia because it increases oxidative stress in the brain; thus, diets rich in antioxidants, such as polyphenols, may protect against oxidative damage. In this study, we explored the antioxidant activity and neural protective function of millet on high fat diet-induced oxidative stress in rat brains. Our results suggested that the intake of millet could alleviate oxidative stress in the hippocampus and downregulate the expression of the Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related genes amyloid precursor protein (App), tau, and γ -secretase. Furthermore, we extracted millet polyphenols and verified whether they play important roles during this process. The results showed that millet polyphenols significantly prevented H 2 O 2 -induced cell death of SH-SY5Y cells and decreased oxidative stress levels in cells. In addition, the expression levels of pro-inflammatory factors and AD-related genes were also downregulated by treatment with millet polyphenols. The above results indicated that millet and millet polyphenols could exert neural protective effects under high fat diet-induced oxidative stress by upregulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes and downregulating the expression of AD-related genes.

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小米和小米多酚对高脂饮食诱导的大脑氧化应激的神经保护作用

高脂肪饮食 (HFD) 被认为是痴呆症发展的危险因素，因为它会增加大脑中的氧化应激；因此，富含抗氧化剂（如多酚）的饮食可以防止氧化损伤。在这项研究中，我们探讨了小米对高脂饮食诱导的大鼠大脑氧化应激的抗氧化活性和神经保护功能。我们的研究结果表明，小米的摄入可以减轻海马体的氧化应激，并下调阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 相关基因淀粉样前体蛋白 (App)、tau 和γ-分泌酶的表达。此外，我们提取了小米多酚并验证了它们在此过程中是否发挥重要作用。结果表明，小米多酚显着阻止了H 2 O 2 诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞的细胞死亡，并降低了细胞的氧化应激水平。此外，通过小米多酚处理，促炎因子和AD相关基因的表达水平也被下调。以上结果表明，小米和小米多酚可通过上调抗氧化酶的表达和下调AD相关基因的表达，在高脂饮食诱导的氧化应激下发挥神经保护作用。