We evaluated whether changes in fine root non-structural carbohydrate reserves of Fagus sylvatica and Pinus sylvestris trees influence potential enzymatic activities of their ectomycorrhizal symbionts from winter towards spring reactivation, and whether these changes influence potential soil enzymatic activities. We analyzed sugar and starch concentrations in the fine roots of Fagus sylvatica and Pinus sylvestris and potential activities of ß-glucosidase, ß-xylosidase, and cellobiohydrolase (as proxies for carbon-degrading enzymes) as well as leucine aminopeptidase and chitinase (as proxies for nitrogen-degrading enzymes) of their dominant ectomycorrhizal symbionts as well as in the soil. Sugar concentrations in the fine roots were significantly positively correlated with enzymatic activities of the ectomycorrhizal symbionts. In Pinus sylvestris, both carbon- and nitrogen-degrading enzyme activities showed significant positive correlations with fine root sugar concentrations. In Fagus sylvatica, fine root sugar concentrations were explicitly positively correlated with the activity of nitrogen-degrading enzymes. The chitinase activity in the soil was found to be strongly positively correlated with the enzymatic activity of the ectomycorrhizal symbionts as well as with fine root sugar concentrations. Fine root carbohydrate concentrations of Fagus sylvatica and Pinus sylvestris trees and enzymatic activities of their associated ectomycorrhizal fungi are connected. The specific nutrient demand of the tree species during spring reactivation may affect ectomycorrhizal enzymatic activity via carbon mobilization in the fine roots of Fagus sylvatica and Pinus sylvestris. Moreover, our results suggest that trees indirectly contribute to the degradation of fungal necromass by stimulating ectomycorrhizal chitinase activity in the soil.

中文翻译：

---

水青冈和樟子松细根的非结构碳水化合物浓度与春季重新激活期间的外生菌根酶活性有关。


我们评估了水青冈和樟子松细根非结构性碳水化合物储备的变化是否影响其外生菌根共生体从冬季到春季重新激活的潜在酶活性，以及​​这些变化是否影响潜在的土壤酶活性。我们分析了水青冈和樟子松细根中的糖和淀粉浓度以及β-葡萄糖苷酶、 β-木糖苷酶和纤维二糖水解酶（作为碳降解酶的代表）以及亮氨酸氨肽酶和几丁质酶（作为碳降解酶的代表）的潜在活性。它们的优势外生菌根共生体以及土壤中的氮降解酶。细根中的糖浓度与外生菌根共生体的酶活性呈显着正相关。在樟子松中，碳降解酶和氮降解酶活性均与细根糖浓度呈显着正相关。在水青冈中，细根糖浓度与氮降解酶的活性显着正相关。研究发现土壤中的几丁质酶活性与外生菌根共生体的酶活性以及细根糖浓度呈强烈正相关。水青冈和樟子松树的细根碳水化合物浓度与其相关的外生菌根真菌的酶活性相关。 春季恢复期间树种的特定营养需求可能会通过水青冈和樟子松细根中的碳动员来影响外生菌根酶活性。此外，我们的结果表明，树木通过刺激土壤中的外生菌根几丁质酶活性，间接促进真菌坏死物的降解。