Bisphenol A (BPA) is an emerging pollutant of global concern. Viviparous fish Goodea atripinnis is endemic to the Central Mexican Plateau where BPA was detected; however, few studies examined the influence of this chemical on native viviparous fish. The effects of BPA (sublethal dose) were determined on DNA integrity and Foxl2 expression in G. atripinnis gonads, and interactions of BPA with FOXL2 protein. Genotoxicity analysis revealed that % comets, at 14 and 28 days and comet tail length (at 14 days) were significantly higher in exposed compared to controls. In general, the % DNA tail was not markedly higher in BPA-treated fish; however, tail moment related to tail length exhibited significant increases in DNA damage. RT-qPCR assays showed Foxl2 overexpression after 14 and 28 days of exposure in females; while in males, Foxl2 was overexpressed after 28 days. In silico analysis demonstrated that BPA interacted with seven residues located in FOXL2 homeodomain. In summary, sublethal BPA doses induced DNA damage and changes in Foxl2 expression in gonadal cells of G. atripinnis, which may adversely affect reproduction in BPA-exposed wild populations. Foxl2 overexpression and BPA-FOXL2 interaction suggested alterations in processes involving Foxl2. Viviparous fish may thus serve as potential non-conventional models for assessing pollutants effects.

中文翻译：

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双酚A对成年胎生鱼Goodea atripinnis Foxl2基因表达和DNA损伤的影响。

双酚A（BPA）是全球关注的新兴污染物。胎生鱼Goodea atripinnis是墨西哥中部高原的地方病，在那里发现了双酚A。但是，很少有研究检查这种化学物质对本地胎生鱼的影响。确定了双酚A（亚致死剂量）对G. atripinnis性腺中DNA完整性和Foxl2表达以及双酚A与FOXL2蛋白相互作用的影响。基因毒性分析表明，与对照组相比，暴露后14天和28天的彗星百分率和彗星尾巴长度（14天）显着更高。通常，在用BPA处理的鱼中，DNA尾巴的百分比没有明显升高；然而，与尾巴长度相关的尾矩表现出DNA损伤的显着增加。RT-qPCR分析显示女性暴露14天和28天后Foxl2过表达。在男性中 Foxl2在28天后过表达。计算机分析表明，BPA与位于FOXL2同源域中的七个残基相互作用。总之，亚致死剂量的双酚A诱导了金黄色葡萄球菌性腺细胞的DNA损伤和Foxl2表达的变化，这可能会对暴露于双酚A的野生种群的繁殖产生不利影响。Foxl2过表达和BPA-FOXL2相互作用表明涉及Foxl2的过程发生了改变。因此，胎生鱼可作为潜在的非常规模型来评估污染物的影响。Foxl2过表达和BPA-FOXL2相互作用表明涉及Foxl2的过程发生了改变。因此，胎生鱼可作为潜在的非常规模型来评估污染物的影响。Foxl2过表达和BPA-FOXL2相互作用表明涉及Foxl2的过程发生了改变。因此，胎生鱼可作为潜在的非常规模型来评估污染物的影响。