Isocyanides as key intermediates and magic reactants have been widely applied in organic reactions for direct access to a broad spectrum of remarkable organic compounds. Although the history of these magical compounds dates back more than 100 years, it still has been drawing widespread attention of chemists who confirmed their versatility and effectiveness. Because of their wide spectrum of pharmacological, industrial and synthetic applications, many reactions with the utilization of isocyanides are reported in the literature. In this context, Iranian scientist played a significant role in the growth of isocyanides chemistry. The present review article covers literature from the period starting from 2010 onward and encompasses new synthetic routes and organic transformation involving isocyanides by Iranian researchers. During this period, a diverse range of isocyanide-based multi-component reactions (I-MCRs) has been reported such as a new modification of Ugi, post-Ugi, Passerini and Groebke-Blackburn-Bienayme condensation reactions, isocyanide-based [1 + 4] cycloaddition reactions, isocyanide-acetylene-based MCRs, isocyanide and Meldrum's acid-based MCRs, several unexpected reactions besides green mediums and novel catalytic systems for the synthesis of diverse kinds of pharmaceutically and industrially remarkable heterocyclic and linear organic compounds. This review also emphasizes the neoteric applications of I-MCR for the synthesis of valuable peptide and pseudopeptide scaffolds, enzyme immobilization and functionalization of materials with tailorable properties that can play important roles in the plethora of applications.

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伊朗基于异氰化物的多组分反应现状（2010-2018）。

异氰化物作为关键中间体和神奇反应物已广泛应用于有机反应中，可直接获得广谱的显着有机化合物。尽管这些神奇化合物的历史可以追溯到 100 多年前，但它仍然引起了化学家的广泛关注，他们证实了它们的多功能性和有效性。由于其广泛的药理学、工业和合成应用，文献中报道了使用异氰化物的许多反应。在此背景下，伊朗科学家在异氰化物化学的发展中发挥了重要作用。本综述文章涵盖了 2010 年以后的文献，包括伊朗研究人员涉及异氰化物的新合成路线和有机转化。在这段时期，已经报道了多种基于异氰化物的多组分反应 (I-MCR)，例如 Ugi 的新修饰、后 Ugi、Passerini 和 Groebke-Blackburn-Bienayme 缩合反应、基于异氰化物的 [1 + 4] 环加成反应、基于异氰化物-乙炔的 MCR、异氰化物和 Meldrum 的基于酸的 MCR，除了绿色介质和用于合成各种药学和工业上显着的杂环和线性有机化合物的新型催化系统之外，还有一些意想不到的反应。这篇综述还强调了 I-MCR 在合成有价值的肽和假肽支架、酶固定化和具有可定制特性的材料的功能化方面的新应用，这些特性可以在众多应用中发挥重要作用。