The aim of this study was to investigate inter-generational changes in selected mid-upper-arm measurements of boys from Kolkata, India. The analysis was based on the anthropometric measurements of two cohorts of Bengali boys aged 7–16 from middle-class families, in 1982–83 and 2005–11. The two cohorts were compared in terms of their mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC) and mid-upper-arm area (MUAA), mid-upper-arm muscle area (MUAMA), mid-upper-arm fat area (MUAFA) and Arm Fat Index (AFI). The significances of the differences were determined using two-way ANOVA. All features differed significantly between the examined cohorts and all showed a general positive secular trend. In most cases, the biggest differences were noted for 14- and 16-year olds and the smallest for the youngest boys. The contemporary boys seemed to have more favourable overall developmental conditions, probably related to socioeconomic progress in India over recent decades.

中文翻译：

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1982 年至 2011 年印度加尔各答男性儿童和青少年中上臂人体测量的时间趋势

本研究的目的是调查印度加尔各答男孩选定的中上臂测量值的代际变化。该分析基于 1982-83 年和 2005-11 年对两组 7-16 岁的中产阶级家庭的孟加拉男孩进行的人体测量。比较两组的中上臂围（MUAC）和中上臂面积（MUAA）、中上臂肌肉面积（MUAMA）、中上臂脂肪面积（MUAFA）和手臂脂肪指数 (AFI)。使用双向方差分析确定差异的显着性。检查的队列之间的所有特征都存在显着差异，并且都显示出普遍的积极长期趋势。在大多数情况下，最大的差异出现在 14 岁和 16 岁的孩子身上，最小的男孩出现在最小的男孩身上。