In the present study, a total of 100 catla (Catla catla—major South Asian carp, local name botcha) collected from local fish markets and aquaculture ponds were subjected for isolation and characterization of Arcobacter sp. In all, 21 Arcobacter sp. were isolated, of which 18 (85·7%) were Arcobacter butzleri and three (14%) were A. cryoaerophilus as identified by multiplex PCR. All 18 A. butzleri isolates were positive for mviN, ciaB and tlyA virulence genes, three of A. cryoaerophilus isolates carried mviN gene and none of the isolates were positive for cadF, irgA, cj1349, hecA and hecB genes. All isolates (n = 21) were resistant to penicillin (100%). Meanwhile, 71·43, 23·81, 23·81, 14·29 and 9·52% of the isolates showed resistance towards vancomycin, nalidixic acid, erythromycin, cefixime and kanamycin, respectively. Multidrug resistance was observed in 23·81% of the Arcobacter sp. isolates and none of the isolates were positive for any of the extended spectrum beta‐lactamases either by phenotypic or by molecular identification genes (blaOXA, blaSHV, blaTEM, blaCTX‐M1, blaCTX‐M2 and blaCTX‐M9 groups). The results emphasize the need to implement specific control procedures to reduce the use of antibiotics in aquaculture particularly the ones which are very important in human medicine.

中文翻译：

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Arcobacter spp 的发生、毒力基因和抗菌药敏谱。从印度的卡特拉（Catla catla）中分离出来

在本研究中，对从当地鱼市和水产养殖池塘收集的总共 100 条鲶鱼（Catla catla-主要南亚鲤鱼，当地名称 botcha）进行了 Arcobacter sp 的分离和表征。总共有 21 个 Arcobacter sp。经多重 PCR 鉴定，其中 18 株（85·7%）为布氏弧杆菌，3 株（14%）为嗜冷杆菌。所有 18 株 A. butzleri 分离株的 mviN、ciaB 和 tlyA 毒力基因均呈阳性，其中 3 株嗜冷杆菌携带 mviN 基因，没有一株分离株的 cadF、irgA、cj1349、hecA 和 hecB 基因呈阳性。所有分离株 (n = 21) 对青霉素 (100%) 具有抗性。同时，71·43、23·81、23·81、14·29和9·52%的分离株分别对万古霉素、萘啶酸、红霉素、头孢克肟和卡那霉素耐药。在 23·81% 的 Arcobacter sp. 中观察到多药耐药性。通过表型或分子鉴定基因（blaOXA、blaSHV、blaTEM、blaCTX-M1、blaCTX-M2 和 blaCTX-M9 组），没有任何分离株对任何超广谱 β-内酰胺酶呈阳性。结果强调需要实施特定的控制程序以减少水产养殖中抗生素的使用，特别是那些在人类医学中非常重要的抗生素。