Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in immune‐related genes have been shown to play a role in driving the development of the severe phenotypes of dengue virus (DENV) infection. We assessed the association between IFNL3 gene SNP (rs12979860) and dengue clinical outcomes in children. Patients with dengue‐related symptoms (aged 1–15 years) admitted at a public hospital in Northeast Brazil were invited to participate. The association between rs12979860 polymorphism and dengue classification and clinical signs and symptoms were analysed. A total of 206 DENV‐infected children were included: 53.4% of the infections were classified as severe dengue. The T allele carriers had higher risk of developing severe dengue when compared to CC genotype carriers (OR: 1.81; 95% CI: 0.98–3.32 p = .054). The T allele carriers also showed longer fever episodes when compared to patients with the CC genotype (OR: 1.90; 95%CI: 1.07–3.38; p = .027). On the other hand, the ones carrying the CT/TT genotype had 70% lower chance of developing thrombocytopenia when compared to those with the CC genotype (OR: 0.30; 95%CI: 0.08–0.88; p = .042). Our findings demonstrated that the T allele carriers of the IFNL3 gene had higher risk of developing severe dengue, suggesting a link between IFN‐λ expression and DENV immunopathogenesis.

中文翻译：

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登革热病毒感染儿童干扰素λ3 rs12979860多态性与临床结局的相关性

免疫相关基因中的单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) 已被证明在推动登革热病毒 (DENV) 感染严重表型的发展中发挥作用。我们评估了 IFNL3 基因 SNP (rs12979860) 与儿童登革热临床结果之间的关联。在巴西东北部一家公立医院收治的有登革热相关症状的患者（1-15 岁）被邀请参加。分析了 rs12979860 多态性与登革热分类和临床体征和症状之间的关联。总共包括 206 名感染 DENV 的儿童：53.4% 的感染被归类为严重登革热。与 CC 基因型携带者相比，T 等位基因携带者患严重登革热的风险更高（OR：1.81；95% CI：0.98–3.32 p = .054）。与 CC 基因型患者相比，T 等位基因携带者的发热发作时间也更长（OR：1.90；95%CI：1.07–3.38；p = .027）。另一方面，与携带 CC 基因型的患者相比，携带 CT/TT 基因型的患者发生血小板减少症的几率低 70%（OR：0.30；95%CI：0.08-0.88；p = .042）。我们的研究结果表明，IFNL3 基因的 T 等位基因携带者患严重登革热的风险更高，表明 IFN-λ 表达与 DENV 免疫发病机制之间存在联系。