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A Protective Role of Translocator Protein in Alzheimer's Disease Brain.
Current Alzheimer Research ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 , DOI: 10.2174/1567205017666200217105950
Marianna E Jung 1
Affiliation  

Translocator Protein (18 kDa) (TSPO) is a mitochondrial protein that locates cytosol cholesterol to mitochondrial membranes to begin the synthesis of steroids including neurotrophic neurosteroids. TSPO is abundantly present in glial cells that support neurons and respond to neuroinflammation. Located at the outer membrane of mitochondria, TSPO regulates the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) that controls the entry of molecules necessary for mitochondrial function. TSPO is linked to neurodegenerative Alzheimer's Disease (AD) such that TSPO is upregulated in the brain of AD patients and signals AD-induced adverse changes in brain. The initial increase in TSPO in response to brain insults remains elevated to repair cellular damages and perhaps to prevent further neuronal degeneration as AD progresses. To exert such protective activities, TSPO increases the synthesis of neuroprotective steroids, decreases neuroinflammation, limits the opening of mPTP, and reduces the generation of reactive oxygen species. The beneficial effects of TSPO on AD brain are manifested as the attenuation of neurotoxic amyloid β and mitochondrial dysfunction accompanied by the improvement of memory and cognition. However, the protective activities of TSPO appear to be temporary and eventually diminish as the severity of AD becomes profound. Timely treatment with TSPO agonists/ligands before the loss of endogenous TSPO's activity may promote the protective functions and may extend neuronal survival.

中文翻译:

易位蛋白在阿尔茨海默氏病脑中的保护作用。

转运蛋白(18 kDa)(TSPO)是一种线粒体蛋白,可将胞质胆固醇定位于线粒体膜上,从而开始合成包括神经营养性神经甾体在内的甾体。TSPO大量存在于支持神经元并对神经炎症作出反应的神经胶质细胞中。TSPO位于线粒体的外膜,调节线粒体通透性过渡孔(mPTP)的开口,该孔控制线粒体功能所需的分子的进入。TSPO与神经退行性阿尔茨海默氏病(AD)相关,因此TSPO在AD患者的大脑中被上调并发出AD引起的大脑不良变化的信号。响应于脑损伤的TSPO的最初增加仍然升高,以修复细胞损伤,并可能随着AD的进展防止进一步的神经元变性。为了发挥这种保护作用,TSPO可以增加神经保护类固醇的合成,减少神经炎症,限制mPTP的开放,并减少活性氧的产生。TSPO对AD脑的有益作用表现为神经毒性淀粉样蛋白β和线粒体功能障碍的减轻,伴随着记忆力和认知能力的改善。但是,随着AD严重程度的提高,TSPO的保护活性似乎是暂时的,并最终减弱。在失去内源性TSPO活性之前及时用TSPO激动剂/配体治疗可能会促进保护功能并延长神经元的存活时间。并减少了活性氧的产生。TSPO对AD脑的有益作用表现为神经毒性淀粉样蛋白β和线粒体功能障碍的减轻,伴随着记忆力和认知能力的改善。但是,随着AD严重程度的提高,TSPO的保护活性似乎是暂时的,并最终减弱。在失去内源性TSPO活性之前及时用TSPO激动剂/配体治疗可能会促进保护功能并延长神经元的存活时间。并减少了活性氧的产生。TSPO对AD脑的有益作用表现为神经毒性淀粉样蛋白β和线粒体功能障碍的减轻,伴随着记忆力和认知能力的改善。但是,随着AD严重程度的提高,TSPO的保护活性似乎是暂时的,并最终减弱。在失去内源性TSPO活性之前及时用TSPO激动剂/配体治疗可能会促进保护功能并延长神经元的存活时间。随着AD严重程度的提高,TSPO的保护活性似乎是暂时的,并最终减弱。在失去内源性TSPO活性之前及时用TSPO激动剂/配体治疗可能会促进保护功能并延长神经元的存活时间。随着AD严重程度的提高,TSPO的保护活性似乎是暂时的,并最终减弱。在失去内源性TSPO活性之前及时用TSPO激动剂/配体治疗可能会促进保护功能并延长神经元的存活时间。
更新日期:2020-02-16
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