In this study, we analyzed the karyotype of Salvator merianae (Teiidae) from the Brazilian semiarid region using different cytogenetic markers. Chromosomes were examined by classical (Giemsa and AgNOR staining) and molecular (FISH with ribosomal, telomeric, and microsatellite probes) cytogenetic approaches. S. merianae showed a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 38 (10 biarmed macrochromosomes + 28 microchromosomes). No sex-linked chromosome heteromorphisms were observed. Clusters of 18S/28S rDNA were localized in the terminal region of the long arm of pair 2. In addition to the typical telomeric signals, (TTAGGG)n repeats were detected in the pericentromeric region of some macrochromosome pairs, which might indicate the occurrence of chromosomal rearrangements via chromosome fusions. Hybridization signals of the microsatellite probes (GA)n, (GAA)n, and (GAG)n were uniformly distributed across all chromosomes, while (CA)n, (CAA)n, and (CAC)n produced brighter signals in the telomeric and pericentromeric regions of specific chromosome pairs. The comparison with previous studies demonstrates that, despite the wide distribution of S. merianae, the macrostructure organization of the karyotype remained unchanged, showing stability in diploid number and chromosome morphology.

中文翻译：

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Salvator merianae (Squamata, Teiidae)的核型：通过经典和分子细胞遗传学技术分析

在这项研究中，我们使用不同的细胞遗传标记分析了来自巴西半干旱地区的 Salvator merianae (Teiidae) 的核型。通过经典（吉姆萨和 AgNOR 染色）和分子（FISH 与核糖体、端粒和微卫星探针）细胞遗传学方法检查染色体。S. merianae 显示二倍体染色体数为 2n = 38（10 个双臂大染色体 + 28 个微染色体）。没有观察到与性相关的染色体异型性。18S/28S rDNA 簇位于对 2 长臂末端区域。除了典型的端粒信号外，在一些大染色体对的着丝粒周围区域检测到 (TTAGGG)n 重复，这可能表明通过染色体融合进行染色体重排。微卫星探针的杂交信号 (GA)n, (GAA)n, 和 (GAG)n 均匀分布在所有染色体上，而 (CA)n、(CAA)n 和 (CAC)n 在特定染色体对的端粒和着丝粒周围区域产生更亮的信号。与以往研究的比较表明，尽管 S. merianae 分布广泛，但核型的宏观结构组织保持不变，显示出二倍体数量和染色体形态的稳定性。