Neuropathic pain is a complex, chronic pain state that is heterogeneous in nature and caused by the consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system. Current medications give a long-lasting pain relief only in a limited percentage of patients also associated with numerous side effects. Stem cell transplantation is one of the attractive therapeutic platforms for the treatment of a variety of diseases, such as neuropathic pain. Here, the authors review the therapeutic effects of stem cell transplantation of different origin and species in different models of neuropathic pain disorders. Stem cell transplantation could alleviate the neuropathic pain; indeed, stem cells are the source of cells, which differentiate into a variety of cell types and lead trophic factors to migrate to the lesion site opposing the effects of damage. In conclusion, this review suggests that stem cell therapy can be a novel approach for the treatment of neuropathic pain.

神经性疼痛是一种复杂的慢性疼痛状态，本质上是异质性的，是由影响躯体感觉系统的病变或疾病导致的。当前的药物只能在有限百分比的患者中提供长期的疼痛缓解，并且还伴有许多副作用。干细胞移植是用于治疗多种疾病（例如神经性疼痛）的有吸引力的治疗平台之一。在这里，作者回顾了不同来源和物种的干细胞移植在神经性疼痛性疾病的不同模型中的治疗效果。干细胞移植可以减轻神经性疼痛。实际上，干细胞是细胞的来源，它们分化成多种细胞类型，并导致营养因子迁移到病变部位，从而对抗损伤的影响。