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Sex differences in leadership during group movement in mantled howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata).
American Journal of Primatology ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-24 , DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23099
Enrico Ceccarelli 1 , Ariadna Rangel Negrín 1 , Alejandro Coyohua-Fuentes 1 , Domingo Canales-Espinosa 1 , Pedro Américo D Dias 1
Affiliation  

Benefits of group life depend in large part on whether animals remain cohesive, which often requires collective decisions about where and when to move. During a group movement, the leader may be considered as the individual occupying the vanguard position of the group progression, when its movement evokes following by other group members. In nondespotic societies, individuals with greater incentives to move frequently are leaders. During 15 months of observations (1,712 contact hours), we investigated two mantled howler monkey (Alouatta palliata) groups at La Flor de Catemaco (Los Tuxtlas, Mexico) to examine whether sex and female reproductive state influenced leadership likelihood in two contexts: movements toward feeding trees; movements associated with loud calls, a group-defense behavior used by males of this genus. Females led and occupied forward positions during group movements toward feeding trees more often than adult males. Adult females led these movements more frequently when they were gestating than when they were lactating or cycling. There were no differences between sexes in the leadership of group movements associated with loud calls. Leadership by gestating females is perhaps the result of their higher nutritional/energetic needs when compared with cycling females, and of their greater mobility when compared with lactating females carrying dependent offspring. Female leadership during movements toward feeding trees may be a mechanism to optimize access to food resources in mantled howler monkeys.

中文翻译:

group吼猴(Alouatta palliata)在群体运动中领导力上的性别差异。

集体生活的好处在很大程度上取决于动物是否保持凝聚力,这通常需要集体决定何时何地移动。在小组运动中,当领导者的运动引起其他小组成员的追随时,领导者可被视为占据小组进展先锋位置的个人。在非专制社会中,动机更大的人经常搬家是领导者。在15个月的观察期(1,712个接触小时)中,我们调查了La Flor de Catemaco(墨西哥洛斯图斯特拉斯)的两个man叫的猴群(Alouatta palliata),以检查性别和女性生殖状态是否在两种情况下影响领导可能性:喂树 与大声呼叫相关的动作,该属男性使用的集体防御行为。与成年雄性相比,雌性在向树木喂食的集体运动中领导并占据着向前的位置。成年女性在妊娠时比在哺乳或骑自行车时更频繁地领导这些运动。在大声呼叫相关的小组运动的领导中,性别没有差异。与骑自行车的女性相比,妊娠女性的领导力可能是其较高的营养/能量需求的结果,而与携带后代的哺乳女性相比,其流动性更高。在走向喂食树木的过程中,女性领导可能是一种机制,可以使man叫的猴子更好地获取食物资源。成年女性在妊娠时比在哺乳或骑自行车时更频繁地领导这些运动。在大声呼叫相关的小组运动的领导中,性别没有差异。与骑自行车的女性相比,妊娠女性的领导力可能是其较高的营养/能量需求的结果,而与携带后代的哺乳女性相比,其流动性更高。在走向喂食树木的过程中,女性领导可能是一种机制,可以优化man叫猴子的食物资源。成年女性在妊娠时比在哺乳或骑自行车时更频繁地领导这些运动。在大声呼叫相关的小组运动的领导中,性别没有差异。与骑自行车的女性相比,妊娠女性的领导力可能是其较高的营养/能量需求的结果,而与携带后代的哺乳女性相比,其流动性更高。在走向喂食树木的过程中,女性领导可能是一种机制,可以优化man叫猴子的食物资源。与骑自行车的女性相比,妊娠女性的领导力可能是其较高的营养/能量需求的结果,而与携带后代的哺乳女性相比,其流动性更高。在走向喂食树木的过程中,女性领导可能是一种机制,可以优化man叫猴子的食物资源。与骑自行车的女性相比,妊娠女性的领导力可能是其较高的营养/能量需求的结果,而与携带后代的哺乳女性相比,其流动性更高。在走向喂食树木的过程中,女性领导可能是一种机制,可以优化man叫猴子的食物资源。
更新日期:2020-01-24
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