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Involvement of glutamate and serotonin transmitter systems in male sex determination in Daphnia pulex.
Journal of Insect Physiology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-10 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2020.104015
Allison A Camp 1 , Jeonga Yun 1 , Samantha A Chambers 1 , Maher H Haeba 1 , Gerald A LeBlanc 1
Affiliation  

Environmental sex determination occurs in many organisms, however the means by which environmental stimuli are translated into endocrine messages remains poorly understood. The N-methyl-ᴅ-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) was evaluated as a candidate neural sensor of environmental signals linking environmental cues to endocrine responses using the crustacean Daphnia pulex. NMDAR agonists, modulators, and antagonists were evaluated for their ability to impact D. pulex male sex determination during early stages of reproductive maturity under conditions that simulated seasonal change. The antagonists MK-801 and desipramine significantly increased male sex determination. Both chemicals are also modulators of serotonergic and noradrenergic systems, thus, we evaluated several modulators of monoamine neurotransmission in an effort to discern which signaling pathways might contribute to male sex determination. Compounds that altered serotonergic signaling also stimulated male sex determination. The involvement of the glutamate and monoamine signaling in male sex determination was supported by the increase in mRNA levels of related receptors and transporters under conditions that stimulate male sex determination. Further, mRNA levels of components of the terminal endocrine pathway responsible for male sex determination were also elevated under stimulatory conditions. Overall, we provide evidence that glutamatergic and serotonergic systems function upstream of the endocrine regulation of male sex determination in early life stage daphnids.

中文翻译:

谷氨酸和5-羟色胺递质系​​统参与水蚤的男性性别测定。

环境性别的确定发生在许多生物中,但是,人们对环境刺激转化为内分泌信息的方法知之甚少。N-甲基-β-天冬氨酸受体(NMDAR)被评估为使用甲壳类水蚤(Daphnia pulex)将环境线索与内分泌反应联系起来的环境信号的候选神经传感器。在模拟季节变化的条件下,评估了NMDAR激动剂,调节剂和拮抗剂在生殖成熟的早期阶段影响D. pulex性别的能力。拮抗剂MK-801和地昔帕明明显提高了男性的性别确定性。两种化学物质也都是血清素能和去甲肾上腺素能系统的调节剂,因此,为了评估哪些信号通路可能有助于确定男性,我们评估了单胺神经传递的几种调节剂。改变血清素能信号的化合物也刺激了男性的性别决定。在刺激男性性别决定的条件下,相关受体和转运蛋白的mRNA水平的增加支持了谷氨酸和单胺信号传导参与男性性别决定。此外,在刺激条件下,负责男性性别决定的终末内分泌途径的组分的mRNA水平也升高。总体而言,我们提供的证据表明,在生命早期的水蚤中,谷氨酸能和5-羟色胺能系统在雄性决定内分泌调节的上游起作用。改变血清素能信号的化合物也刺激了男性的性别决定。在刺激男性性别决定的条件下,相关受体和转运蛋白的mRNA水平的增加支持了谷氨酸和单胺信号传导参与男性性别决定。此外,在刺激条件下,负责男性性别决定的终末内分泌途径的组分的mRNA水平也升高。总体而言,我们提供的证据表明,在生命早期的水蚤中,谷氨酸能和5-羟色胺能系统在雄性决定内分泌调节的上游起作用。改变血清素能信号的化合物也刺激了男性的性别决定。在刺激男性性别决定的条件下,相关受体和转运蛋白的mRNA水平的增加支持了谷氨酸和单胺信号传导参与男性性别决定。此外,在刺激条件下,负责男性性别决定的终末内分泌途径的组分的mRNA水平也升高。总体而言,我们提供的证据表明,在生命早期的水蚤中,谷氨酸能和5-羟色胺能系统在雄性决定内分泌调节的上游起作用。在刺激男性性别决定的条件下,相关受体和转运蛋白的mRNA水平增加支持了谷氨酸和单胺信号传导参与男性性别决定。此外,在刺激条件下,负责男性性别决定的终末内分泌途径的组分的mRNA水平也升高。总体而言,我们提供的证据表明,在生命早期的水蚤中,谷氨酸能和5-羟色胺能系统在雄性决定内分泌调节的上游起作用。在刺激男性性别决定的条件下,相关受体和转运蛋白的mRNA水平的增加支持了谷氨酸和单胺信号传导参与男性性别决定。此外,在刺激条件下,负责男性性别决定的终末内分泌途径的组分的mRNA水平也升高。总体而言,我们提供的证据表明,在生命早期的水蚤中,谷氨酸能和5-羟色胺能系统在雄性决定内分泌调节的上游起作用。
更新日期:2020-01-10
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