Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most frequent recessive inherited diseases in western countries. Advances in medical care have led to a substantial increase in the life expectancy of CF patients. Survival beyond adolescence has permitted to see fungi not only as late colonizers, but also as potential pathogens responsible of allergic reactions and chronic infections related to lung function deterioration. The role of fungi, nevertheless, has been overlooked until recently. As a result, a number of questions on their epidemiology, clinical significance, or diagnosis, among others, remain unanswered. Besides more in depth studies about the extent of the deleterious effect of fungi on the CF host, new technologies may provide the key to understand its pathogenic role, its interaction with other microbial components of the respiratory microbiota, and should pave the way to define subsets of patients at risk who would benefit from specific therapy. This review is intended to provide a quick overview on what we know about the presence of fungi in the CF airway and its repercussion in the host, and to point out some of the many knowledge gaps needed to understand and advance in the management of fungi in the airway of CF subjects.

囊性纤维化（CF）是西方国家最常见的隐性遗传疾病之一。医疗保健的进步已导致CF患者的预期寿命大大增加。青春期以后的生存不仅允许将真菌视为晚期定居者，而且还可以将其视为潜在的病原体，引起与肺功能恶化有关的过敏反应和慢性感染。然而，真菌的作用直到最近仍被忽视。结果，关于其流行病学，临床意义或诊断等许多问题仍未得到解答。除了对真菌对CF宿主的有害影响程度进行更深入的研究外，新技术还可能提供关键，以了解其致病作用，与呼吸微生物群中其他微生物成分的相互作用，并应为定义可以从特定疗法中受益的高危患者亚组铺平道路。这篇综述旨在快速概述我们对CF气道中真菌的存在及其在宿主中的反响的了解，并指出了解和推进食管真菌管理所需的许多知识空白。 CF受试者的气道。