The gut microbial community is known to influence the human health and disease state and is shaped by various factors since birth. It is now evident that understanding the alterations in these commensal microbes during crucial stages of life is of utmost importance to determine and predict the health status of an individual. To study the gut microbiota in two such vital stages, pregnancy and infancy, we analyzed gut microbial communities from 20 mother-infant dyads at different stages of pregnancy and early infancy. In total, we analyzed 80 fecal samples for profiling the gut microbial community using 16S rRNA gene-based sequencing. We observed no significant alterations in the gut bacterial diversity during pregnancy; however, significant alterations were observed during the period from birth to six months in infants, with a reduction in Staphylococcus and Enterococcus and an increase in Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus with a more stable microbial community at the age of six months.

中文翻译：

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妊娠和婴儿早期的肠道微生物多样性：印度人口的一项探索性研究。

众所周知，肠道微生物群落会影响人类健康和疾病状态，并且自出生以来受到各种因素的影响。现在很明显，了解生命中关键阶段的这些共生微生物的变化对于确定和预测个人的健康状况至关重要。为了研究两个重要阶段（即妊娠和婴儿期）的肠道菌群，我们分析了来自妊娠和早期婴儿不同阶段的20个母婴二元组的肠道菌群。总共，我们使用基于16S rRNA基因的测序分析了80个粪便样品以分析肠道微生物群落。我们没有观察到怀孕期间肠道细菌多样性的显着改变。但是，婴儿从出生到六个月期间均发生了显着变化，