The relative contributions of mental illness and substance use disorders to criminal recidivism have important clinical and policy implications. This study reviewed 36 months of postrelease data for nearly 10,000 New Jersey state inmates released in 2013 to ascertain the rearrest rate of those diagnosed with mental illness, substance use disorders, both, or neither. We also examined whether certain characteristics suggestive of higher risk of psychiatric decompensation were associated with higher rates of rearrest. Released inmates who were diagnosed with a substance use disorder (without a mental illness) while incarcerated had the highest rate of rearrest upon release, followed by inmates diagnosed with both mental illness and substance use disorder together, inmates with neither a substance use disorder nor a mental illness, and lastly by inmates diagnosed with mental illness alone. These differences were statistically significant only between inmates with substance use disorders and those without a substance use disorder. Among those with a diagnosed mental disorder, there were no statistically significant differences in recidivism based on diagnosis or based on prescription of antipsychotic medication, injectable antipsychotic medication, or involuntary antipsychotic medication. These results support correctional institutions assertively addressing substance use disorders, especially for individuals returning to the community.

中文翻译：

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患有精神疾病和物质使用障碍的囚犯的刑事累犯。

精神疾病和药物滥用障碍对犯罪再犯的相对贡献具有重要的临床和政策意义。这项研究回顾了2013年在新泽西州释放的近10,000名囚犯的36个月释放后数据，以确定被诊断患有精神疾病和/或滥用毒品的人的再捕率。我们还检查了暗示精神失代偿风险较高的某些特征是否与较高的后坐率有关。被释放者在被监禁期间被诊断出患有药物滥用（无精神疾病），其释放后的后悔率最高，其次是被诊断出患有精神疾病和药物滥用的患者，既没有药物滥用也没有精神疾病的犯人。精神疾病，最后是只有被诊断患有精神疾病的囚犯。这些差异仅在有物质使用障碍的囚犯和没有物质使用障碍的囚犯之间具有统计学意义。在诊断为精神障碍的患者中，根据诊断或基于抗精神病药，可注射抗精神病药或非自愿抗精神病药的处方，累犯率在统计学上无显着差异。这些结果支持惩戒机构坚决解决物质使用失调问题，特别是对于返回社区的个人。根据诊断或基于抗精神病药物，可注射的抗精神病药物或非自愿性抗精神病药物的处方，累犯率在统计学上无显着差异。这些结果支持惩戒机构坚决解决物质使用失调问题，特别是对于返回社区的个人。根据诊断或基于抗精神病药物，可注射的抗精神病药物或非自愿性抗精神病药物的处方，累犯率在统计学上无显着差异。这些结果支持教养机构果断地解决毒品滥用问题，特别是对于返回社区的个人。