The traditional 2D culture medium used for simulating the in vitro microenvironment for leukemia cells usually leads to 95% of the drug test results being different to the subsequent clinical results. Unlike this 2D culture, 3D scaffolds are more similar to the bone marrow microenvironment so can better simulate the drug effect on leukemia cells, which can benefit the preliminary screening of drugs for clinical use. For this purpose, the freeze-drying method was proposed for the fabrication of 3D scaffolds of graphene oxide/silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan (GO/SF/CMCS). Experimental results show that these 3D scaffolds exhibit a better swelling ratio because of the embedding of GO. The improved hydrophilicity of the scaffolds brings about promoted adhesion and proliferation of leukemia cells. In contrast to the traditional 2D culture, leukemia cells in this 3D culture show stronger drug resistance, which is consistent with the previously reported clinical results. It implies that these 3D GO/SF/CMCS scaffolds can simulate well the in vivo bone marrow microenvironment, making it a promising platform for preliminary drug screening for clinical use.

中文翻译：

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用于体外骨髓微环境模拟筛选白血病药物的三维多孔复合支架。

传统的2D培养基用于模拟白血病细胞的体外微环境，通常会导致95%的药检结果与随后的临床结果存在差异。与这种2D培养不同的是，3D支架更接近于骨髓微环境，可以更好地模拟药物对白血病细胞的作用，有利于临床药物的初步筛选。为此，提出了冷冻干燥方法来制造氧化石墨烯/丝素蛋白/羧甲基壳聚糖 (GO/SF/CMCS) 的 3D 支架。实验结果表明，由于 GO 的嵌入，这些 3D 支架表现出更好的溶胀率。支架亲水性的提高促进了白血病细胞的粘附和增殖。与传统的二维文化相比，这种3D培养中的白血病细胞表现出更强的耐药性，这与之前报道的临床结果一致。这意味着这些 3D GO/SF/CMCS 支架可以很好地模拟体内骨髓微环境，使其成为临床使用的初步药物筛选的有前途的平台。