In this study, the radiation dose received by 364 low body mass index (BMI) adult patients undergoing chest, abdomen, lumbar spine, kidneys and urinary bladder (KUB) and pelvis X-ray examinations in an X-ray room with a digital radiography system was evaluated. The patients' kerma area product (KAP) values were recorded, and the entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) was calculated based on the X-ray tube output, exposure parameters and technical data. The 75th percentiles of the distribution of ESAK and KAP values were also estimated. The dose values were compared with the corresponding values for normal patients obtained from a previous survey in our hospital, as well as with the national and UK diagnostic reference levels (DRLs). The correlation of dose values with patient size metrics (mass, height, BMI) was also investigated. A statistically significant difference was found in KAP and the ESAK values between low BMI and normal patients (Mann-Whitney test, p < 0.05), for all examinations studied. The percentage difference for chest PA, chest LAT, abdomen PA, lumbar spine AP, lumbar spine LAT, pelvis AP and KUB AP examinations was 40, 36, 48, 68, 57, 46 and 67% for median KAP and 26, 43, 52, 48, 19, 44 and 51% for median ESAK, respectively. The corresponding 75th percentiles for low BMI patients were 0.065, 0.349, 0.683, 1.54, 3.92, 1.11, 0.67 mGy and 0.042, 0.218, 0.450, 0.280, 0.598, 0.597, 0.267 Gycm2 in terms of ESAK and KAP values, respectively. They were 74-90% lower compared to the national diagnostic reference levels (DRLs), 35-84% and 58-82% compared to the UK DRLs, for ESAK and KAP values, respectively. Regarding the gender of the patients, no statistically significant difference was found in the dose values between female and male patients (Mann-Whitney test, p > 0.05), for all examinations studied. A statistically significant correlation was found between ESAK and KAP values with BMI for KUB AP, pelvis AP, lumbar spine AP, lumbar spine LAT and chest PA, while for chest LAT examinations, only the ESAK were significantly correlated with BMI. They also significantly correlated with the mass for KUB AP, lumbar spine LAT, abdomen PA and chest PA examinations, while no significant correlation was found between the dose values and patients' height. It can be concluded that the low BMI patients received a significantly reduced radiation dose compared to normal patients. Additional studies need to be conducted for these patient groups, which could contribute to the further development of a radiation protection culture in diagnostic radiography.

中文翻译：

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数字放射学中低 BMI 患者剂量。

在这项研究中，364 名低体重指数 (BMI) 成年患者在 X 光室中进行了胸部、腹部、腰椎、肾脏和膀胱 (KUB) 以及骨盆 X 射线检查，并使用数字 X 射线照相术接受的辐射剂量系统进行了评估。记录患者的比释能面积积 (KAP) 值，并根据 X 射线管输出、曝光参数和技术数据计算入口表面空气比释动能 (ESAK)。还估计了 ESAK 和 KAP 值分布的第 75 个百分位数。将剂量值与从我们医院先前调查中获得的正常患者的相应值以及国家和英国诊断参考水平 (DRL) 进行比较。还研究了剂量值与患者体型指标（体重、身高、BMI）的相关性。对于所有研究的检查，低 BMI 患者和正常患者之间的 KAP 和 ESAK 值存在统计学显着差异（Mann-Whitney 检验，p < 0.05）。胸部 PA、胸部 LAT、腹部 PA、腰椎 AP、腰椎 LAT、骨盆 AP 和 KUB AP 检查的百分比差异为 40、36、48、68、57、46 和 67%，中位 KAP 和 26、43、 ESAK 中位数分别为 52、48、19、44 和 51%。低 BMI 患者的相应第 75 个百分位数分别为 0.065、0.349、0.683、1.54、3.92、1.11、0.67 mGy 和 0.042、0.218、0.450、0.280、0.5297 和 0.5297 项的 ES 值、0.5297 和 0.5297 ESAK 和 KAP 值分别比国家诊断参考水平 (DRL) 低 74-90%，与英国 DRL 相比分别低 35-84% 和 58-82%。关于患者的性别，对于所有研究的检查，女性和男性患者之间的剂量值没有发现统计学上的显着差异（Mann-Whitney 检验，p > 0.05）。发现 KUB AP、骨盆 AP、腰椎 AP、腰椎 LAT 和胸部 PA 的 ESAK 和 KAP 值与 BMI 之间存在统计学上显着的相关性，而对于胸部 LAT 检查，只有 ESAK 与 BMI 显着相关。它们还与 KUB AP、腰椎 LAT、腹部 PA 和胸部 PA 检查的质量显着相关，而剂量值与患者身高之间没有发现显着相关性。可以得出结论，与正常患者相比，低 BMI 患者接受的辐射剂量显着降低。需要对这些患者群体进行额外的研究，